<p>First Presbyterian Church and Manse is a historic Presbyterian church located at West Madison Street and Park Avenue in the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The church is a rectangular brick building with a central tower flanked by protruding octagonal turrets at each corner. At the north end of the church is a two story building appearing to be a transept and sharing a common roof with the church, but is separated from the auditorium by a bearing wall. The manse is a three story stone-faced building. The church was begun about 1854 by Nathan G. Starkweather and finished by his assistant Edmund G. Lind around 1873. It is a notable example of Gothic Revival architecture and a landmark in the City of Baltimore.</p><br>
<p>The steeple is the tallest in Baltimore at 273 ft and was completed by 1875, supported by clusters of cast iron columns. A subsidiary spire to the right is 125 ft high, and the smaller, on the southwest corner, is 78 feet high. Wendel Bollman fabricated much of the ironwork at his Patapsco Bridge and Ironworks and is famous for several iron truss bridges throughout the region especially on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The manse, or rectory, is located to the left, or west of the entrance. Stonework is a red freestone or sandstone from New Brunswick.</p><br>
<p>First Presbyterian Church and Manse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is now known as the First and Franklin Presbyterian Church, after merging in 1973 with the former Franklin Street Presbyterian Church several blocks to the south at the northwest corner of West Franklin and Cathedral Streets, across from the central Enoch Pratt Free Library and the Old Baltimore Cathedral (now the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary which was used by the merged congregation for a time and then sold to a fundamentalist Protestant congregation. Franklin Street Church was built in 1847 and designed in English Tudor Revival style by Robert Cary Long, Jr. and Col. Robert Snowden Andrews, C.S.A. (who also designed the earliest Eastern High School on Aisquith and Orleans Streets).</p><br>
<p>First Presbyterian Church is the oldest Presbyterian congregation in Baltimore, founded in 1761, then located after 1763 at East Fayette and North Streets (later Guilford Avenue) on the northwest corner in downtown which was the site for three its succeeding buildings until 1859, when the site was purchased by the Federaql Government and constructed a USA Courthouse there, dedicated by President James Buchanan in 1860, later replaced by another courthouse on the entire block in 1889 and finally the current one in 1932, which is now "Courthouse East" for the Circuit Court of Maryland for Baltimore City. It was instrumental in the establishment of the local Presbytery of Baltimore and many "daughter congregations" such as Second Presbyterian Church and others. The church and manse were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 18, 1973.</p><br>
<p>The New Sherwood Hotel is a historic property on the National Register of Historic Places in New Haven, Kentucky, in southernmost Nelson County, Kentucky. It is next door to the Kentucky Railway Museum on USA 31E.</p><br>
<p>The brick, two-story New Sherwood Hotel is one of the few buildings left in New Haven that has any historical integrity; only nine buildings built 1880-1940 remained in New Haven by 1978. It is made of "solid-masonry-brickwall" on top of a limestone foundation. A two-tiered porch was intended for the hotel but never built, but the front facade has a series of iron cleats intended for use with the porches. A private residence for the hotels owners is in the rear of the ground floor; the kitchen was for use to feed guests and the owners. The hotel rooms featured odd geometric angles and natural sunlight for all rooms. In the bar room there is a "massive" oak and mahogany back-bar and counter that was originally used in Louisvilles old Greenstreet Saloon; it was placed in New Haven after the nearby town of Boston, Kentucky voted to be a "dry" town.</p><br>
<p>The New Sherwood Hotel replaced the previous Johnson Hotel/Sherwood Hotel, which burned down in 1913; it was placed on the same property, next to where the major road crossed the train track. The fact that the hotel was of masonry and concrete was to ward against future fires. It was also designed in a manner more fitting for larger cities like Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky; not small towns like New Haven. The heyday of the hotel was from when it was built in 1914 to the year 1932, at the height of the Great Depression. The Louisville and Nashville Railroad, which controlled the track by the New Sherwood Hotel, stopped service to the station in 1954. The owners in 1992 were descendants of the original owner; six Johnsons bought control of the hotel from the other co-owner Johnsons. It was restored for the benefit of visitors to the next door Kentucky Railway Museum.</p><br>
<p>It was placed on the National Register on March 26, 1992.</p><br>
<p>File:New Sherwood Hotel Back.JPGBack of hotel</p><br>
<p>File:KY Railway Museum Sherwood back.JPGView of back lot hotel from the Kentucky Railway Museum</p><br>
<p>Franklin Street Presbyterian Church and Parsonage is a historic Presbyterian church located at 100 West Franklin Street at Cathedral Street, northwest corner in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The church is a rectangular Tudor Gothic building dedicated in 1847, with an addition in 1865. The front features two 60 foot flanking octagonal towers are also crenelated and have louvered belfry openings and stained glass Gothic-arched windows. The parsonage has walls of brick, heavy Tudor-Gothic window hoods, and battlements atop the roof and was built in 1857. This church was incorporated in 1844 by a group of men from the First Presbyterian Church then located at the northwest corner of East Fayette Street and North Street  in downtown . They felt the need for a new church in that fast-growing northern section of the city formerly "Howards Woods" of Col. John Eager Howards  country estate "Belvedere"  where the Washington Monument was erected with its four surrounding park squares just two blocks from their new building. Franklin Street Church was also located on "Cathedral Hill" in the southern part of the community bordering downtown and across the street from the old Baltimore Cathedral  erected 1806-1821 and designed by Benjamin Latrobe. Later in 1882-1886, philanthropist Enoch Pratt founded his central library for the new Enoch Pratt Free Library then facing West Mulberry Street at Cathedral, a block south which was replaced in 1931-33 by a new central library building encompassing the entire block and now directly across Franklin Street from the F.S.P.C. In 1973, the two historic congregations reunited to form The First and Franklin Street Presbyterian Church and was centered at the First Church site on West Madison and Park. The Franklin Street building was used by the merged congregation for a time and then sold to a fundamentalist independent Protestant congregation and later re-sold to the present "New Unity Church Ministries". Across Cathedral Street to the northeast was the 1820s era Greek Revival home designed by Robert Mills  which later was occupied by the original Maryland Club, an exclusive Southern-leaning dining and leisure society of gentlemen, founded 1857 that was once threatened by Massachusetts Militia Gen. Benjamin F. Butler, USA when he occupied Baltimore at the beginning of the Civil War on May 13, 1861, and fortified Federal Hill with a Fort and cannons overlooking the harbor and city, "to put a shot into it" if he spied a reputed rebel flag flying or any discontent to declared martial law. The Club later moved to North Charles and East Eager Streets in 1892 and mansion was later replaced by the former Central Building of the Young Men&#39;s Christian Association of Central Maryland  which was closed in the 1980s and the building renovated as the Mount Vernon Hotel and Cafe.</p><br>
<p>The church is no longer used by a Presbyterian congregation and is currently occupied by the New Unity Baptist Church Ministries. John Gresham Machen, the founder of Westminster Seminary attended the church as a child.</p><br>
<p>The church and parsonage were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 5, 1971.</p><br>
<p>Baltimore Hebrew Congregation Synagogue, now known as Berea Temple Seventh Day Adventist Church, is a historic synagogue building located in the Madison Park neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The former synagogue, built as an early home of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, is built of ashlar gray granite from Port Deposit, Maryland. It is a well-executed, 19th century version of a Byzantine church, designed by Charles L. Carson, a Baltimore architect. It features a large central dome, 40 feet in diameter, resting on a high octagonal drum pierced by rectangular windows of stained glass and two tall octagonal towers flanking the main entrance.</p><br>
<p>Baltimore Hebrew Congregation Synagogue was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall is a heritage-listed town hall at 541 Ruthven Street, Toowoomba, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Willoughby Powell and built in 1900 by Alexander Mayne. It is also known as Toowoomba Town Hall. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<p>It is the third town hall in Toowoomba and the building was the location for the proclamation that Toowoomba was a city and was the first purpose built city hall ever constructed in Queensland.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall, the city&#39;s third town hall, was built in 1900 to a design by Willoughby Powell on the site of the School of Arts. When first constructed, City Hall incorporated municipal offices and council chambers, rooms for a school of arts, a technical college and public hall.</p><br>
<p>The first settlement in the Toowoomba area was established on the present site of Drayton in 1842, and a mail service commenced in December 1845. A survey of Drayton in 1850, the third to be carried out, followed a severe drought at the end of the 1840s which taxed Drayton&#39;s water supply. This shortage prompted many residents to consider moving to the Drayton Swamp Agricultural Area (The Swamp), where water was plentiful.</p><br>
<p>In 1853 a survey of the swamp area was carried out and land sales took place in November in the same year. The Swamp was subsequently named Toowoomba in 1858. On June 30 1860, a petition by Toowoomba residents seeking incorporation as a municipality was successful and proclamation of the Borough of Toowoomba occurred on 24 November 1860. Local government was established in November 1860, and elections were held in January 1861. One of the first projects undertaken was the construction of a town hall in James Street. Tenders were called in 1861 and a simple timber structure was built by Frederick Stein and completed in January 1862.</p><br>
<p>In July 1865 the first section on railway line in Queensland was opened to Ipswich and by April 1867 the line reached Toowoomba, securing the town&#39;s future development. The 1860s saw the rapid expansion of Toowoomba with the founding of the Toowoomba Chronicle; the establishment of the first banking business, the construction of a gaol, the opening of the School of Arts and a Court House. The 1870s witnessed the opening of the Toowoomba Grammar School, the commencement of the Toowoomba Foundry, the draining of the swamps and the commencement of waterworks. In 1887 Toowoomba was proclaimed a town.</p><br>
<p>The first town hall was a timber building, which was demolished and replaced in 1881 by a brick building.</p><br>
<p>As Toowoomba developed as the leading centre of the Darling Downs and surrounding areas, the prosperity was translated into impressive commercial and residential structures. The Council decided a new town hall was necessary and the first town hall was demolished and the new brick building, designed by Sydney architect Albert Myers, opened in 1880. The land on which the second town hall was built was later sold to the State Government who built the South Toowoomba Boys&#39; School on the site in 1906.</p><br>
<p>When the second town hall was constructed, the form of Toowoomba as a town had not been firmly established, in particular the town centre was not well defined. Commercial activities tended to focus on the lower end of Russell Street, near the Toowoomba railway station, while government activities centred on the courthouse in Margaret Street, north-east of the town hall. By the 1890s it was evident that neither government or commercial activities were interested in moving. As a result of the increasing isolation of the town hall from the commercial centre, the Council began examining the feasibility of building another town hall in a more central location. A major problem was the acquisition of a suitable block of land, which, by this stage, would have meant considerable expense for the Council. A proposal that a new hall be built on the site of the School of Arts in Ruthven Street, a site acquired by the Toowoomba Council in 1887, was rejected on the basis that such an action would involve building a new School of Arts. Later, however, when the School of Arts building was badly damaged by a fire on 21 June 1898, the proposal to build a new town hall on the site was again raised in a Council meeting and the motion was approved.</p><br>
<p>Prior to acquiring the site in Ruthven Street, the Council proceeded with a competition, with a prize of 30 guineas, for the design of a new town hall. Following approval to build a hall, a sub-committee examined the entries and recommended that William Hodgen be awarded first prize. However, Toowoomba Municipal Council Minutes from 3 October 1898 report that the recommendation was rejected. A new competition, with a prize of 25 guineas, was announced. Five entries were received and first prize was awarded to Willoughby Powell for his design entitled "Sincerity".</p><br>
<p>Willoughby Powell was born in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England and died in Queensland in 1920. Powell emigrated to Australia in 1872 and worked for Brisbane architect Richard Gailey before joining the Queensland Public Works Department as a draftsman in 1874. From 1875 to 1877 he maintained a busy practice in Toowoomba, later claiming to have erected "the majority of the principal buildings" there and in the surrounding district. Powell was eventually appointed to the permanent staff of the Works Department in 1899. Powell had to give up supervision of the construction of the Toowoomba Town Hall to Toowoomba architects, James Marks and Son, to receive his permanent appointment. Some of Powells designs in the Toowoomba area include Toowoomba Grammar School buildings and masters residence in 1875; Jewish Synagogue, corner Herries and Neil Streets (1875-1876); Gabbinbar for Rev. William Lambie Nelson (1876) and additions to Clifford House for the Hon. James Taylor in and the Warwick Town Hall. In its exterior form, Toowoomba Town Hall is similar to the smaller and less elaborately decorated Warwick Town Hall, built of sandstone in the late 1880s.</p><br>
<p>Alexander Mayne&#39;s tender of &pound;6440 was accepted on 22 November 1899, and on 20 February 1900, the foundation stone was laid by His Excellency Lieutenant-Governor of Queensland, Sir Samuel Griffith. Officially opened by the Mayor of Toowoomba, Alderman Matthew Keefe, on December 12, 1900, Toowoomba Town Hall was originally divided into three parts.</p><br>
<p>The School of Arts and Technical College on the first floor included class rooms and a committee room at the southern end, a large reading room opening out to the first floor balcony and a ladies reading room and another class room at the northern end. A corridor led to another classroom and the library located towards the western side on the first floor. The public hall or theatre was at the western end of the building. There were a number of entrances to the gallery including a ground floor lobby and staircase on the northern wall of the building.Contemporary publications describe the Hall as:"a spacious hall ten feet in width, and running right through to the theatre...on the ground floor are the municipal offices, those on the right being occupied by the Town Clerk and the Mayor. On the left hand side...comes the Rate Collectors Office and another for the Town Engineer....the Municipal Chamber...in finish and appointments...is very fine...The ceiling is particularly artistic, being stamped metal and picked out in soft and suitable colours"."Ascending the grand staircase...here are located the suite of rooms for the School of Arts and Technical College...Four rooms are provided for Technical College purposes, one being a particularly large classroom...the theatre...carries 231 reserved stall seats, 108 second stall seats and 450 seats in the pit...The auditorium is a very handsome piece of work, being of stamped metal...underneath the stage are the dressing rooms."There are a number of fireplaces located on the ground floor in the Council Chambers and in other offices, and on the upper level in the reading rooms and the committee room.</p><br>
<p>The original plans for the building did not provide for a public clock and the tower was planned as a much lower structure with a spire. During construction of the building, the matter of installing a clock was raised and at the council meeting of June 4, 1900, it was decided that a clock should be imported from England. The turret clock was installed in the early 1900s at a cost of about &pound;400. It was made by Billett and Johnston, still one of Britain&#39;s great turret clock manufacturers. Its installation remains a monument to Toowoomba watchmaker Mr H. Walker, who for many years conducted business as Henry Walker and Son Ltd in Ruthven Street almost opposite Bell Street. S.S. Devonshire is believed to be the ship which brought the clock and bells to Australia. On one of the two bells that chime the quarter hour, the words S.S. Devonshire can still be seen.</p><br>
<p>After its construction in 1900, City Hall was the venue for many uses. For more than sixty years the main administrative functions of the Toowoomba City Council were located in the hall. It has been an important venue for educational activities and housed for over 50 years, Toowoomba&#39;s main lending library. Situated on the first floor, the library began as the School of Arts Library.</p><br>
<p>A School of Arts committee was established in Toowoomba in the late 1850s, and the first School of Arts was erected in 1861 on land donated by Arthur Hodgson. This was the same site on which City Hall was erected in 1900. According to Toowoomba City Council records, a second and more substantial building was erected in 1877. This was the building that was demolished following a fire in 1898, to make way for the new town hall. For over 20 years, the library was well patronised, however, by the 1930s, the School of Arts committee began to have difficulties maintaining the collection. Lack of government funding, the growth of local circulation libraries and a diminishing number of subscribers added to the problems. Eventually, the library was taken over by the city council and remained in the hall until 1951. The School of Arts also conducted classes in technical and general education, one of the few avenues available to those wishing to pursue higher education. The hall was the venue for technical education for more than a decade. As the number of students increased, accommodation became a serious concern. In 1911, a purpose-built technical college (the Toowoomba Technical College) was erected in Margaret Street and the Queensland Government assumed responsibility for technical education from the School of Arts committee.</p><br>
<p>Added to City Halls municipal and educational events, were the cultural and social events, which have been one of the buildings most enduring functions. Such activities included public meetings, concerts and other musical events, drama and even sporting events, such as boxing and wrestling. Over time different requirements and standards have resulted in various alterations and additions to the building. The theatre has undergone more changes than any other part of the building. Prior to renovations in the 1940s, the raked floor and fixed seating of the auditorium limited its use. Whenever there was an audience facing the stage, the gentle fall was not a problem; however, it could not be used for dances or balls.</p><br>
<p>By the mid-1930s the need to improve the facilities became urgent. In early 1935 the Toowoomba Art Society was formed and one of their first activities was to lobby the Council "to make provision in their plans for a room suitable for the display of works of art." Space had become available in the City Hall following the relocation of the Technical College to its own building at the corner of Hume and Margaret Streets in 1911. After Council decided to renovate the theatre and provide space for an art gallery and additional offices, work was undertaken in two stages. The first stage involved extending the building to provide a room on the first floor for an art gallery and office space on the ground floor for council staff. This extension was completed in 1937 at a cost of &pound;2400 and was designed by the local firm of Hodgen and Hodgen. It was an unobtrusive addition and involved the enclosing of the open space between the front section of the building and the theatre on the northern side. Skylights were installed to provide lighting to the art gallery and also to the main stairwell.</p><br>
<p>The second stage, in the 1940s, involved major alterations to the theatre, at a cost of &pound;5200. The existing gallery was demolished and replaced with a smaller gallery. In the main auditorium the seats were rearranged to provide easier access and better sightlines to the stage, but reducing seating capacity. Other work involved remodelling the interior decoration, the installation of a new proscenium, improvements to the ventilation, raising of the roof above the stage and gallery and the fitting of new seats.</p><br>
<p>Of the original four ornamental pillars used in the external landscape works to City Hall, two were removed and installed at the old Toowoomba Showgrounds in Campbell Street as gates posts in the 1940s.</p><br>
<p>In 1972-1973, further major alterations were undertaken to City Hall principally involving the theatre. Carried out under the direction of local architects Durack and Brammer for a cost of more than $300 000, the work included the removal of the main floor and balcony and the construction of a new floor to improve sight lines, new seating which again reduced capacity, refurbished foyer, refreshment facilities, new dressing rooms, and wider stage and improved backstage facilities. The theatre was re-opened in July 1973 by the Mayor, Alderman Nell Robinson.</p><br>
<p>When opened, the council chambers and offices were situated on the ground floor, however, as staff numbers increased, so did the demand for extra space. When the technical college moved out in 1911, council staff took over their rooms. More space was available for council staff when the former School of Arts library vacated the building in 1951. By the early 1950s, both the ground and first floors of the front section of the building, with the exception of a room on the first floor for the art gallery, were devoted to council offices. Eventually it was necessary to construct a new office complex, and in 1963 a three storeyed building, the Council Administration Building, was constructed in nearby Herries Street. In late 1963, when the Board of Education moved in, City Hall was again the venue for educational activities. The Board have subsequently relocated.</p><br>
<p>On the closure of the showgrounds in 1985, when the Royal Agricultural Society moved to its current premises at Glenvale, the two pillars from the Town Hall being used as gateposts were dismantled and re-erected outside City Hall.</p><br>
<p>The Toowoomba Art Gallery moved out of City Hall in March 1994 into their own premises nearby in the former SWQEB building. Commencing in 1995, City Hall has undergone major refurbishment by Allom Lovell Marquis Kyle Architects with the exterior of the building beging restored to its original state in 1997. Provisions were made to enable councillors, staff and others to move from City Hall into council offices located in the adjoining Commonwealth Building. By doing so, this allowed the symbolic seat of local government to return to its original place of residence as the councillors once again meet in City Hall.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall, a two-storeyed masonry building with a central square tower and corrugated iron gabled roof to the rear, is located in the centre of Toowoomba fronting Ruthven Street to the east. The Hall has tuck-pointed masonry with rendered classical detailing. The roof of the front facade is concealed behind a facebrick parapet with decorative rendered accents to the skyline.</p><br>
<p>The form of the 1900 hall is still reasonably intact with meeting rooms situated at the front of the building and the auditorium at the rear. Renovations and alterations, predominantly to the theatre, were undertaken in 1937, part of the northern elevation was also infilled at this time. In 1972-1973, further refurbishment to the theatre was completed. In 1995, a link between the hall and the adjoining Commonwealth Offices was constructed.</p><br>
<p>The Ruthven Street section has a symmetrical ornately decorated facade with classical detailing to the street, consisting of a wide projecting central bay with narrower bays to either side. The building is framed by curvilinear gables at the northern and southern ends of the parapet.</p><br>
<p>The ground floor has three arches to the central section, with rendered rusticated columns and squared Corinthian pilaster decoration. The central arches open to an entrance portico accessed via wide steps.</p><br>
<p>The first floor is composed similarly, with three central arches with decorative motif to the centre of the arch and a crowning triangular pediment. The central arch is flanked by paired circular Corinthian pilasters with square Corinthian pilasters at the corner of the projecting bay.</p><br>
<p>The clock tower, with extant clock faces, is square in plan, with square Doric pilasters at each corner. The tower has arched mouldings surrounding each clock face. The top portion of the clock tower is painted brown and the bottom portion is cream. Square ventilation openings are situated on each side at the bottom of the tower, and grouped arched ventilation openings are situated at the top. The tower is topped by a balustraded parapet.</p><br>
<p>Bays on the ground level on either side of the central entrance have sash windows surrounded by rendered architraves. Ramp access is situated at the southern end of the front facade. The bays to either side of the first floor balcony have oriel windows with decorative mouldings. The oriel windows are framed by rendered squared Corinthian pilasters. Windows flanking the central arches are surrounded by rendered architraves with a centred decorative moulded motif.</p><br>
<p>Tuck-pointed brickwork continues along the eastern end of the northern elevation. Both the ground and first floors have two double hung sash windows and a single narrower window along the eastern end of the facade. The infill undertaken during the 1930s refurbishment is evident along the facade. The staircase at the western end of the facade, originally external, has been infilled and roofed in corrugated iron. As part of the 1970s refurbishment, arches along the western end of the elevation were infilled and replaced with windows and doors.</p><br>
<p>The rear of the hall, the western elevation, has a corrugated iron gabled roof with ridge ventilators. A steel fire stair has been added to the northern end of the facade. Door and window openings which have been infilled are evident along the entire facade. Access to the rear of the building is via three doors associated with the fire exit and via a doorway in a square, brick extension, built during the refurbishments in the 1970s, at the southern end of the building. The face brickwork facade is divided by piers at regular intervals.</p><br>
<p>The front entrance, paired, panelled timber doors in a moulded arched entrance, with fanlight assembly, opens to a central lobby. The paired, glass doors in the foyer have timber panels at their base and open to a foyer with an arched hall. The turning timber staircase, in its original position and adapted with stainless steel handrails to conform to regulation heights, leads to the first level. The square- based turned newels are topped by a moulded capital. The shafts have decorative circular moulded motifs at the top, the remainder is chamfered with recessed moulded detail.</p><br>
<p>Internally on the first floor, offices flank the central foyer opening off corridors running north and south. From the foyer, the offices are accessed via paired timber doors in arched entrances. The reception area, to the north of the foyer, (which is also accessed via a door in the lobby), includes a strong room which formed part of the original design of the building. The rooms are simple in design and decoration and are connected via two separate, panelled, timber doors with architraves. One doorway is topped by a single-pane fanlight. The rooms have a plastered cornices and a back-to-back fireplace with timber surrounds and mantle.</p><br>
<p>To the south of the foyer, the rooms are similar to those situated to the north, comprising simplicity in design and detail. The one exception is the largest meeting room on the ground floor, which is the original council chambers. The ornate plastered ceiling is decorated with moulded panels and a ceiling rose. The timber fireplace, with timber panels in the lintel, has a tiled register grate and decorative timber consoles.</p><br>
<p>Internally, the second floor has a reception area created by the addition of free standing walls. Large paired panelled timber doors with fanlights, open, on the eastern side to the a large function room, and, on the western side, into the bar area. The rooms on the eastern side of the floor open off a corridor.</p><br>
<p>The large function room, which can be closed off via a timber partition, has a fireplace located at southern end of the room and three french doors opening onto the first floor balcony. The room has a skylight with clerestory windows. The skylight is lined with timber panels and has a circular ventilated opening, with decorative fretwork. The ornate plaster ceiling is decorated with panels and a ceiling rose. Other meeting rooms on the first floor are similar to those on the ground floor with plaster cornice detail and timber architraves. The Mayor&#39;s office is located at the southern end of the floor. A bay window faces the east and a timber fireplace is located along the southern end of the wall. The plaster ceiling has moulded designs around the light fittings. The adjoining office has a timber ceiling with a plaster ceiling rose, surrounded by a ventilation grate.</p><br>
<p>The auditorium is lined with non-original timber panelling. The seats are tiered and are covered in non-original black upholstery. Fire exits are located along the western wall. Other doorways are located in the northern wall and the eastern wall. The door in the eastern wall leads to a staircase to the ground floor lobby area.</p><br>
<p>Internally, in the area that was infilled in the 1930s, toilets are located along the northern end of the ground floor. A small corridor leads to the pre-function room which joins the auditorium foyer via a folding partition. On the first floor, on the western side of the building, also part of the 1930s infill, is a large meeting room. The room has three regularly spaced ceiling panels comprising glass sections with fluorescent lighting behind the panels. A similar ceiling panel is situated in reception area on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>Internally, to the rear of the ground floor, a second turning timber staircase, part of the 1970s refurbishment, leads to the auditorium. A set of swing doors, also part of the 1970s renovations, lead to the auditorium foyer. Openings to the southern side of the section lead to a lift lobby and out to the covered courtyard.</p><br>
<p>On the first floor, located on the western side of the floor is the function area including a bar and kitchenette. Amenities blocks are located along the western side of the link. A lift is also located along the western side of the wall. This section of the floor leads through to the glazed, steel-framed link to the Commonwealth Offices on the adjoining block. The link is constructed over a courtyard.</p><br>
<p>The hall has a fence at the front of the building with non-original cast iron railings and original moulded concrete pillars. The rear of the site has a bitumen surfaced carpark.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall is significant as the focus for local government in Toowoomba for more than ninety years. Its generous size and grand character provide evidence of the prosperity and importance of Toowoomba as a major regional centre at the turn of the century.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall is significant as a good and intact example of an early twentieth century civic building in Queensland incorporating eclectic stylistic elements in its design.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>With its east elevation facing Ruthven Street, Toowoomba City Hall makes an important contribution to the streetscape and provides a focal point for that part of the street with its landmark tower.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>As the site of the first School of Arts, prior to the construction of the hall, and with the hall housing a School of Arts and Technical College during its early years, the place demonstrates the continued public use of the property for over 100 years. The building continues a long association with the people of Toowoomba and surrounding areas as a focal point for social, and community functions.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>Toowoomba City Hall is associated with the work of architect Willoughby Powell, as one of a number of substantial public buildings in Queensland designed by Powell during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The building is also associated with prominent Toowoomba architect William Hodgen, who designed the 1937 alterations.</p><br>
<p>Otterbein Church, now known as Old Otterbein United Methodist Church, is a historic United Brethren church located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The first "German Reformed" church was built to serve the German Reformed and some Evangelical Lutheran immigrants, and later entered the Brethren strain of German Reformed Protestantism in the later Church of the United Brethren in Christ. It is a two-story brick Georgian structure with a peaked roof, built 1785-1786, and features a square bell tower and an octagonal white "cupola-on-cupola", with much of the original wavy, hand-blown glass window panes still remaining. It had a major remodeling occurring in 1839, and some additional cleaning and restoration of its exterior brick walls and wall-fence surrounding the parish. The tower&#39;s bells date to 1789, and are still in use. That same year, the first Conference of United Brethren preachers was held and resulted in the official organization of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, with Pastor Philip William Otterbein,  as a bishop , ordained as the first bishop of the new Methodist Episcopal Church. He was later buried in the adjacent churchyard, surrounding the building.</p><br>
<p>Old Otterbein Church is located just east of the landmark Camden Street Station and three blocks west of the Inner Harbor. For decades it was surrounded for many blocks in every direction by very densely packed neighborhoods of rowhouses, businesses and factories/manufacturies. In the last two decades, most of these former structures have been razed. Much of this area is now occupied by Oriole Park at Camden Yards baseball stadium (built in 1992), the Baltimore Convention Center (built 1979, with a large 2002 addition), and several large glass-towered hotels of national chains, to the east, west, and north.</p><br>
<p>To the south lies a several block-sized remnant of the former configuration, featuring many examples of the classic "working-man&#39;s" small two-story brick rowhouse. However, some of which were torn down for a proposed cross-town routing of Interstate 95 before it was instead routed further south where it skirts the residential neighborhoods of old South Baltimore and nearby historic Federal Hill, to the Fort McHenry Tunnel and under the Baltimore Harbor/Patapsco River.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1970s, the spared rowhouses were offered up to prospective "urban homesteaders" for the famous "dollar a house" and were gradually renovated, updated and restored with additional homes and "row-house-like" apartments and condos constructed in between the older housing fabric, resulting in "Otterbein now being one of Baltimore&#39;s showcase neighborhoods visited now by thousands of tourists who stroll its now tree-shaded streets every week-end. Additional renovations and restorations have spread further southeast to the historically ancient black community of "Sharp-Leadenshall" (named for the two intersecting streets), which also had some new housing complexes built that have held their value in the decades since.</p><br>
<p>To the northwest of the old historic, now landmark church, jumping across the Camden Yards sports complex, the older community-shattering "urban renewal" style of the 1940s to 50s and 60s had spared also those neighborhoods, so "Pigtown"/Washington Village, Ridgelys Delight" with projects of individual house rows and new replica housing along West Barre Street and South Paca Street all the way to the "west-side" of downtown Baltimore&#39;s old "Loft District" along West Pratt, Lombard and Redwood Streets between South Howard Street with most of the major clothing and hat manufacturing structures that dominated American menswear business of the late 19th and early 20th Century (spared by the Great Baltimore Fire of 1904, are still there with their solid red-brick Romanesque architecture styles converted over into expensive apartments/condominiums. To the west end of these substantially changed areas is the new "inner beltway" around downtown of the landscaped parkway of Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard connecting into Russell Street extending into the Baltimore-Washington Parkway of Interstate 295 and running parallel to Interstate 395, which both exiting the downtown district of the city to the southwest alongside the other western end of the Camden Yards baseball and football stadiums, which crowd the surrounding streets near the church with sports fans several times a week in season.</p><br>
<p>The congregation played an important part in the early days and the organization of several American Protestant denominations. In the next century, the original Church of the United Brethren in Christ merged with the Evangelical Association (later Evangelical Church) to form the Evangelical United Brethren Church (E.U.B.). Meanwhile, on a parallel course, their former German and English Reformed Protestant brothers and sisters from the late 18th Century, which had evolved into the several Methodist Churches. After cooperating with the handful of other American Methodist denominations which had split during the mid-19th Century, first over the role of the historic supervising office of bishops. Methodist EPISCOPAL versus Methodist PROTESTANT Churches - where the word Greek word "episkopos" is used for the supervising "bishop", and the "M.E." Church felt it was important for the Methodists to continue with whereas the opposing simpler "M.P." &#39;s counted on more local congregational authority. Later the other split, which also occurred and ripped apart most other American churches of the time, was over the issue of slavery, with the withdrawal of the Southern congregations into the Methodist Episcopal Church South. The three however unified in a celebrated historic ceremony in 1939, forming The Methodist Church, which brought "the family" back together again.</p><br>
<p>Then 29 years later, the Methodists reached out across their house to their fellow old German and English Reformed who were so close to them in the Colonial period, who had now been merged into the "E.U.B." Church since XXXX, to join them in 1968 with a wider fellowship now of the disciples of John, (1703-1791), and Charles Wesley, (1707-1788), Anglican priests who advanced the popular enthusiastic revival of the faith to the old Anglicans in what they perceived as the stuffy old Church of England with those that their fellow missionaries Asbury and Strawbridge cooperated and fellowshipped with two hundred years before. This was now the wider evangelical and reformed Protestant heritage which came down to a new The United Methodist Church, which was now the second largest church body in America.</p><br>
<p>Otterbein Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969, which is maintained by the National Park Service of the United States Department of the Interior. With the creation in the mid 2000s of the new BaltimoreCity National Heritage numerous large plaques with illustrations and text have been posted around the downtown area along with a simultaneous publication of a map and brochure plus internet website, with tour guides leading various themed tours from the "Inner Harbor" visitors center pavilion, with prominent places published about the Old Otterbein Church and its structure and religious heritage.</p><br>
<p>The Nancy Lincoln Inn is a historic building located at the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site in LaRue County, Kentucky, just south of Hodgenville, Kentucky. Despite being on National Park Service property, it is privately owned.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1928, the one-story unhewn chestnut and red heart pine log building is of American Craftsman style with five bays. It has a stone foundation, limestone chimney, and gabled roof. To the east are four small overnight cabins also built in 1928. They are also of unhewn chestnut logs, concrete chinking, brick chimneys, and asphalt shingles.</p><br>
<p>The Nancy Lincoln Inn and its cabins were built to serve the many visitors who wished to visit the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln. The increase in tourism during the 1920s was due to the ease of transportation that newly paved roads for automobiles provided. Jim Howell was the original operator of the inn, from 1928 to 1946; his descendants have operated it ever since. The inn rented out the cabins and served food until World War II; the cabins would once again be rented out after they were restored by their owners Carl and Sharon Howell, Jr. in 2005, with air conditioning added. However, guests have to use an outside modern bathhouse due to a lack of indoor plumbing.</p><br>
<p>In 1934, the National Park Service in its evaluation called the inn an "unacceptable adjacent commercialization", and red cedar trees were planted to obstruct the view of the inn to the memorial log cabin temple.</p><br>
<p>Over 100,000 tourists go into the Nancy Lincoln Inn every year, mostly to buy souvenirs It has undergone no major alterations in its years of service. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 10, 1991, due to its role in the expansion of tourism in LaRue County.</p><br>
<p>File:Lincoln Birthplace Inn.JPGVicinity of inn</p><br>
<p>File:Lincoln Birthplace Cabins.JPGCabins rented by the Inn</p><br>
<p>The Union Temple of Brooklyn is a Reform synagogue located at 17 Eastern Parkway between Underhill Avenue and Plaza Street East in the Prospect Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City, across the street from the Brooklyn Public Library, the Brooklyn Museum, and the Brooklyn Botanical Gardens. It is the result of the merger of two nineteenth century congregations, K. K. Beth Elohim and Temple Israel.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by Arnold Brunner and completed in 1929 as the community house for a planned temple next door, which was never built because of the Great Depression; the 11-story building has been used for the congregation&#39;s worship since, except, in the past, on High Holy Days, when the Brooklyn Academy of Music was utilized. In 1942, a theatre in the building was remodeled to be a sanctuary.</p><br>
<p>In 2015 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>K. K. Beth Elohim</h2><br>
<p>Founded in 1848 by German and Alsatian Jewish immigrants living in the village of Williamsburgh, K.K. Beth Elohim was the first Jewish congregation established in Brooklyn and the first on Long Island. It is a member congregation of the Union of Reform Judaism.</p><br>
<p>The congregation first worshiped in a private home on Marcy Avenue. In 1860 a former church building on South First Street was purchased and remodeled for use as a synagogue, it was afterwards used as a school offered elementary education in English and German, in both secular and religious subjects. The school closed when public education began in Brooklyn.</p><br>
<p>A new synagogue was built on Keap Street south of Division Avenue in 1876. Known as the Keap Street Temple, for many years it was the largest synagogue in Brooklyn. It is among the oldest synagogue buildings still standing in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Temple Israel</h2><br>
<p>Temple Israel was founded in 1869, until 1872 services were held in the Y.M.C.A. building on the corner of Fulton Street and Galatin Place in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. In that year the congregation purchased a former church building on Greene Avenue. Temple Israel dedicated a larger and more magnificent new building on the corner of Bedford and Lafayette Avenues in 1891.</p><br>
<h2>Union Temple</h2><br>
<p>Temple Israel and K.K. Beth Elohim merged in 1921, deciding to erect a new temple in the newly fashionable location of 17 Eastern Parkway (Brooklyn). Plans were drawn up by Arnold Brunner for a Classical temple with an adjacent eleven-story community house. The community house was erected first, and dedicated in 1929. Because of the Great Depression, the planned Temple was never built. Instead, the congregation continued to worship in the Community House. During the High Holy Days the congregation worshiped at the Brooklyn Academy of Music. In 1942, the theater on the ground floor of the Community House was remodeled as a sanctuary, designed after the synagogue in Essen, Germany burned by the Nazis.</p><br>
<p>Orchard Street United Methodist Church, formerly known as Metropolitan Methodist Episcopal Church, is a historic Methodist Episcopal church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a church built in a mixture of revival styles. It was constructed in 1837, with additions made in 1853, 1865, and 1882. The main church is Romanesque Revival, but the rear building is Romanesque with a large Gothic window in its northeastern facade. The nave is approximately 54 feet by 75 feet and features clerestory windows. The rear building is approximately 50 feet by 75 feet. The church was founded in 1825 by Truman Le Pratt, a West Indian former slave of Governor John Eager Howard. It now houses the offices of the Baltimore Urban League and is the oldest standing structure built by African-Americans in the city of Baltimore.</p><br>
<p>Orchard Street United Methodist Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>Sharp Street Memorial United Methodist Church and Community House is a historic United Methodist church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is an 1898 Gothic Revival stone structure of massive proportions. It features sharply pitched gables, a square parapeted 85-foot-high bell tower, lancet windows, and Gothic influenced interior decorative detailing. The Community House is a Georgian Revival influenced brick structure, four stories high and built in 1921. The congregation was organized in 1787 and was highly influential in the antebellum freedom movement, the establishment of the first black school in Baltimore after the abolition of slavery, and the movement to foster the institution of the African American Methodist church. It is known as the "Mother Church" of Black Methodism in Maryland. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, during their formative years, held their meetings at this historic church.</p><br>
<p>Sharp Street Memorial United Methodist Church and Community House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Padloping Island is an uninhabited island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in Davis Strait&#39;s Merchants Bay off the eastern coast of Baffin Island. The smaller Durban Island is approximately 7 km to the east, while Auyuittuq National Park Reserve is to the west.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>It measures 4 - long, by 1 - wide.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Padloping was originally an Inuit community on the island by the same name. In July 1941, a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) team headed by Captain Elliott Roosevelt conducted aerial reconnaissance for an airport site in the region of Baffin Island closest to Greenland. Roosevelt selected the southern edge of Padloping as the most promising, there being no better places between there and Cape Dyer. His report recommended the construction of a 4,000 foot airstrip on the island. A 10-man radio/meteorological team under the command of United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) Captain J. Glenn Dyer landed at Padloping on 16 October 1941 from the transport USAT Sicilien (assisted by trawler Cormorant and sealer Quest), and commenced routine meteorological reporting after the ships left on 30 October. A local native Inuk called "Vee-Vee" served as a guide for the task force and returned to Pangnirtung aboard it.</p><br>
<p>Padloping was intended to be third node of the Crimson East air ferry route and was labelled Crystal III. The station was referred to by the coded reference "Delight." It was found that it was impractical to construct a landing strip on land, and instead a 6,000 x ice runway was laid out, usable from December until June. Ski-equipped aircraft inaugurated the field in February 1942, but it never saw any use for its intended purpose, and the Crimson project was cancelled in 1943. Weather reporting by the 8th Weather Squadron continued for the duration of the war.</p><br>
<p>In January 1947, the Cabinet of Canada approved the transfer of the Padloping weather station from the United States to the Canadian Department of Transportation, effective 1949-1950. However, by 1949, the transfer date had been postponed to summer of 1951 as there were insufficient Department of Transport personnel available to staff Padloping&#39;s combined meteorological and radio range station. But in June 1951, with the Department of Transportation still unable to assume the commitment, the United States agreed to continue the Padloping operation.</p><br>
<p>In 1953, the Royal Canadian Navy took over operations, establishing weather station VFU8. Operations were abandoned by 1956.</p><br>
<p>Per the USA National Climatic Data Center, the original Padloping station (67&deg;06&prime;N latitude, 062&deg;21&prime;W longitude) provided weather from 1 November 1941 to 31 December 1956. Padloping Site 40 (67&deg;06&prime;N latitude, 062&deg;09&prime;W longitude) then reported weather from 1 December 1955 to 28 February 1958.</p><br>
<p>It is currently listed as a contaminated site, to be remediated in the future by the government.</p><br>
<p>Cheyenne Bottoms is a wetland in the central Great Plains of North America. Occupying approximately 41,000 acre in central Kansas, it is the largest wetland in the interior United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>According to legend, a battle in 1825 between the Cheyenne and the Kiowa (or Pawnee) turned one of the streams blood red. Blood Creek now flows into the lowlands. Greyhound racing in the United States traces its start to a coursing event in the bottoms in 1886.</p><br>
<p>In 1900, a project known as the Koen Ditch attempted to divert Arkansas River water 12 mi to the Bottoms so that it could be used for irrigation. The ditch washed out in a flood. During the 1920s, various plans were put forth to drain the Bottoms and convert it to farmland. However, residents downstream in Hutchinson, Kansas protested that doing so would create flooding problems for them.</p><br>
<p>In 1925, the Kansas Forestry, Fish and Game Commission was created to develop and care for the Bottoms. In August 1927, 14 in of rain upstream turned it overnight into "Lake Cheyenne" and caused flooding downstream of Little Cheyenne Creek. Kansas politicians including Clifford Hope, Charles Curtis, Henry Allen and Arthur Capper made an unsuccessful plea to get federal money to convert it into a National Wildlife Refuge.</p><br>
<p>In 1952, after the construction of dikes, roads and hunting blinds, part of the area was opened to public hunting. In 1957, a new canal from the Arkansas River was built. However, relatively little water from the Arkansas was pumped into the wetland because of drought and claims by other entities on the water supply. In the 1990s, an extensive renovation subdivided the marshes. The renovations allowed the marshes to be more self-sustaining, although an adequate water supply and management of water levels continue to be critical problems.</p><br>
<p>Also in the 1990s, The Nature Conservancy began acquiring land adjacent to the state wildlife area.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Cheyenne Bottoms is located at 38&deg;28&prime;10&Prime;N latitude, 98&deg;39&prime;21&Prime;W longitude (38.4694559, -98.6559125) at an elevation of 1,795 ft. Its primary inflows are two small local streams, Blood Creek and Deception Creek, which flow into it from the northwest. Its other inflow is an inlet canal from Walnut Creek to the southwest. The wetland&#39;s primary outflow is an outlet canal to Little Cheyenne Creek to the southeast. Little Cheyenne Creek empties into Cow Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas River. Cheyenne Bottoms lies entirely within Barton County.</p><br>
<p>The entire wetland occupies a natural land sink spanning 41,000 acres or 64 square miles, making it the largest wetland in the interior of the United States. Of that area, 19,857 acres constitutes the Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Area.</p><br>
<p>USA Route 281 runs north-south 2 mi west of the Bottoms. Kansas Highway 4 lies to the north and runs east-west, and Kansas Highway 156 runs northeast-southwest through the wetland&#39;s southeast portion. The Bottoms is directly accessible via a network of unpaved gravel roads, several of which run along the tops of the dikes.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The formation of the wetland in a natural basin in a semi-arid area is not entirely understood. It is surrounded on the north, east, and west by bluffs as high as 100 ft. The basin traps the water of Blood and Deception Creeks. One of the most popular theories is that Cheyenne Bottoms was created as a sinkhole when incoming freshwater dissolved underground salt. However, this theory is challenged by critics who say that not enough salt is present in the base to cause this.</p><br>
<p>Other theories to explain the formation of Cheyenne Bottoms are that there was structural movement in its base, that it was part of a Pleistocene drainage system involving the Smoky Hill River, and that it was created by sand dunes that scoured the flatlands and blocked drainage.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Historically, Cheyenne Bottoms has been a lake of varying size, a mudflat, or dry. With management to control water and provide a secure way-station for migrating waterfowl and shore birds, it now has 5 pools, crisscrossed by dikes, canals, and pathways, that cover most of the acreage of the wildlife management area. The pools average less than one foot deep. Pools one and five are closed to all human activities. Surrounding the pools are mudflats, ponds, and islands. Elevated areas are primarily grasslands with a few trees. Waterfowl hunting, primarily for geese, is permitted along the southern border of the state wildlife management area.</p><br>
<h2>Wildlife</h2><br>
<p>Cheyenne Bottoms is especially noted for the concentration of migratory shorebirds that come here to feed on the mudflats. As many as 600,000 shorebirds from 39 species pass through Cheyenne Bottoms during spring migration and up to 200,000 in fall. About 45 percent of all shorebirds in North America utilize the area. Cheyenne Bottoms is critical habitat for many endangered species, including the whooping crane.</p><br>
<p>At least 340 species of birds have been observed at Cheyenne Bottoms.</p><br>
<p>As a critical habitat for threatened and endangered bird species, Cheyenne Bottoms is one of 29 places in the United States on the List of Ramsar wetlands of international importance.</p><br>
<h2>Management</h2><br>
<p>A core 19,857 acre parcel belongs to the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks (KDWP). The Nature Conservancy owns an adjacent 7,300 acre. The Kansas State and Nature Conservancy lands are managed with the objective of providing a diverse marsh habitat for the use of migrating and breeding waterfowl and shorebirds.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism and recreation</h2><br>
<p>The Kansas Wetlands Education Center within the wildlife management area interprets the wetlands and wildlife for visitors. Approximately 60,000 people visit Cheyenne Bottoms yearly.</p><br>
<p>On January 29, 2008, Quivira National Wildlife Refuge and Cheyenne Bottoms were jointly named as one of the 8 Wonders of Kansas.</p><br>
<p>Mount Shigi is a mountain located in Ikoma District, Nara, Japan.</p><br>
<h2>Legends</h2><br>
<h3>Legend of Prince Shotoku</h3><br>
<p>One of the legends of Mt. Shigi tells of Prince Shotoku asking for victory from the gods over his opponents. Prince Shotoku was a descendant of the Soga family, who had loyalty to Buddhism. During the Year of the Tiger, Prince Shotoku was promoting Buddhism, and was in conflict with the Mononobe family. While at Mt. Shigi, Prince Shotoku prayed for a victory over Mononobe no Moriya. Bishamonten, the Buddhist deity of war, then visited him during the Hour of the Tiger, on the Day of the Tiger. Bishamonten then lead Prince Shotoku to victory in the Battle of Shigisen. Prince Shotoku then built a shrine in his honor.</p><br>
<h3>Legends of Mount Shigi</h3><br>
<p>A scroll painting called Shigisan-engi depicts three miracles revolving around a monk by the name of Myoren who lived on Mount Shigi.</p><br>
<p>First scroll tells the story of Myoren teaching a greedy nobleman a lesson by making his granary fly.</p><br>
<p>Second scroll tells a story of Myoren healing the Emperor.</p><br>
<p>Third scroll tells the story of Myoren&#39;s sister who in her old age decided to find and re-united with him, her brother.</p><br>
<p>The Abraham Lincoln Statue is a historic statue in the Hodgenville Commercial Historic District&#39;s public square in Hodgenville, Kentucky. Adolph Alexander Weinman sculpted the statue, as he also did the Lincoln statue at the capitol rotunda at Frankfort, Kentucky. The Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park is nearby.</p><br>
<p>The statue was the result of the Lincoln Monument Commission under the direction of Otis M. Mather, chairman. The Kentucky General Assembly commissioned the Commission in 1904. It was built to commemorate the centennial of Abraham Lincolns birth, which occurred a few miles south of Hodgenville on February 12, 1809. It was the Commission that decided to place the statue in Hodgenvilles public square. Funding for the bronze statue was done by $10,000 from the United States Congress, $5,000 from the Kentucky General Assembly, and the rest from the residents of LaRue County, Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>The official dedication was on May 31, 1909. Lincolns son Robert Todd Lincoln was at the ceremony, and Lincolns sister-in-law Mrs. Ben Hardin Helm did the unveiling. Henry Watterson was the principal speaker. The statue was officially accepted for the commonwealth of Kentucky by Kentucky governor Augustus E. Willson. Over 10,000 people witnessed the ceremony.</p><br>
<p>The 6 ft tall bronze statue features Lincoln sitting in an Empire style chair on a marble foundation. Stars are inlaid on a Greek fret band on the marble foundation. "Lincoln" is spelled out in bronze letters on the statue&#39;s eastern facade. A replica of the statue is at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.</p><br>
<p>Robert Todd Lincoln on June 2, 1909, wrote a letter thanking Otis Mather for constructing the statue in his father&#39;s honor.</p><br>
<p>It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 10, 1991.</p><br>
<p>Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church and Asbury House is a historic United Methodist church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a Norman-Gothic-style church that was completed in 1872. It was designed by Thomas Dixon, a Baltimore architect and is built of blocks of a unique metabasalt, a green-toned Maryland fieldstone, with brownstone ornamentation. It features three spires.</p><br>
<p>Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church and Asbury House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. It is located in the Mount Vernon Place Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church should not be confused with another church of the same name in Washington, DC, which served as the national representative congregation for the Methodist Episcopal Church, South from 1850 to 1939.</p><br>
<p>Architects Niernsee & Neilson are indicated as having association with the site.</p><br>
<p>St. Pauls Protestant Episcopal Church, more commonly called Old St. Pauls Church today, is a historic Episcopal church located at 233 North Charles Street at the southeast corner with East Saratoga Street, in Baltimore, Maryland,  near "Cathedral Hill" on the northern edge of the downtown central business district to the south and the Mount Vernon-Belevedere cultural/historic neighborhood to the north. It was founded in 1692 as the parish church for the "Patapsco Parish", one of the "original 30 parishes" of the old Church of England in colonial Maryland .</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Pauls was founded in 1692 under the Establishment Act, by the General Assembly of Maryland under Lionel Copley, then the colonial/provincial Governor of Maryland, in the Province of Maryland under the Lord Proprietorship of the Lords Baltimore, which created 30 "Protestant" (Anglican) parishes in the colony of Maryland. The first church as "Patapsco Parish" was located somewhere along near the head of Colgate Creek, on the north shore of the Patapsco River and "Patapsco Neck" peninsula which juts into the Chesapeake Bay at North Point and Sparrows Point between the Patapsco River to the south and Back River (Maryland) to the north. Modern-day Highlandtown and Canton in southeastern Baltimore City and Dundalk, Edgemere, and Fort Howard are in suburban communities in southeastern Baltimore County there now. When Baltimore Town was founded in its present location in 1729/1730, the parish moved to "Lot 19," in the Original Survey" of 1730 at the highest point just inside the original town boundaries on the north end which were purchased from Charles Carroll of Annapolis, (1702-1782), (father of nationally-famous Charles Carroll of Carrollton, (1732-1832), later longest living signer of Declaration of Independence, only Roman Catholic to do so, and wealthiest man in America). Here a small brick church, (facing south towards the harbor), a rectory and some cemetery plots were placed in 1739 on a cliff overlooking the Jones Falls stream (which divided the town from adjacent Jonestown to the east and Fells Point to the southeast waterfront) and northwest of the original Courthouse Square (later became Battle Monument Square after its construction, 1815-1822) at North Calvert between East Lexington and Fayette Streets. The present "Old Saint Pauls Church (as it is generally known throughout the state) is located now on a portion of that property, in the northwest corner of the original platted lot of 1730.</p><br>
<p>A second brick church, also built facing south towards "The Basin" (Inner Harbor) was also constructed of brick and completed in 1784 and consecrated by Bishop Thomas John Claggett, first Episcopal Bishop of Maryland (consecrated/ordained 1792) in 1797 (also the year of Baltimore Town&#39;s incorporation into a City) and endured on the site until 1812 when replaced by the Long-designed edifice. The second church continued to use the former steeple of the first church building as a private prayer chapel where it was relocated in the middle of the surrounding cemetery to the north and west along the sloping hill along future East Saratoga Street and Saint Paul Lane/Street. Gravestones, bodies and coffins, along with other cemetery material were relocated in 1800 to the western side of town at a new plot and cemetery at West Lombard and Fremont Streets, near the present Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard, (which curves around the west-side of downtown) and southwest of the multi-blocks campus of the downtown University of Maryland at Baltimore. Construction of King Boulevard in the late 1970s required that a portion of the historic cemetery on its western side was taken for road and sidewalk use and the ancient plots and stone wall were moved slightly eastward and reconstructed. Numerous American Revolutionary War, War of 1812 officers and soldiers are buried here, along with an unusually large number of Baltimore and Maryland civic, business and commercial leaders from early history are resting quietly, with only occasional family/descendents visitors and annual ceremonies by patriotic, military and ancestral heritage associations on various holidays take place.</p><br>
<p>All Episcopal parishes in Baltimore City and many in Baltimore County (along with Harford, Cecil, Kent, and Carroll Counties, which were formerly part of old original Baltimore County in the 17th and early 18th Centuries) are in some way traced to Old St. Pauls Church. The first "daughter" congregation, Christ Church (closed 1986), was created in 1796 near the present day War Memorial/City Hall Plaza at the southwest corner of South Gay and East Fayette Streets. This building was later transferred to another Episcopal parish named Messiah which remained here until burned in the Great Baltimore Fire of 1904. Christ Episcopal congregation then moved to the northwest corner of St. Paul and East Chase Streets, where the building is now used by a fundamentalist Protestant congregation. Another congregation, St. Peters, was created in an evangelical controversy resulting in a split from Old St. Pauls in 1801 during the rectorate of Rev. Dr. Joseph Bend; that congregation is known today known as Grace and St. Peters Church, located at Park Avenue and West Monument Street, two blocks west of the Washington Monument, across the street from the former brownstone mansion which served as Diocesan House (bishops and administrative staff offices) in the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood, further northwest. Grace and St. Peters Parish has now, ironically, evolved into a high church "Anglo-Catholic" parish, with a very well-regarded co-educational private day school.</p><br>
<p>The third building in Baltimore City (and fourth of the parish in its history) erected for St. Paul&#39;s was designed by noted Baltimore architect Robert Cary Long, Jr., (1810-1849), and constructed in 1812 (some sources say 1814-1817). This neo-classical structure faced towards the west on Charles Street, seated 1,600 people in the main level and galleries and was graced with a 126 foot high spire. The three orders of Greek columns adorned the building. It was destroyed by fire in 1854; the cross that fell from that tower now adorns the old Church Home Hospital on Broadway in Baltimore. The fourth church was completed two years later.</p><br>
<p>The 1856 building reflected the growing influence of the Oxford Movement in the Episcopal Church. Richard Upjohns design for the new building invoked not the democratic values of the Federal Period but the Catholicism of Italy, which he had recently toured. He also had just designed the famous Gothic Trinity Church on Wall Street in lower New York City Since the existing walls of St. Pauls did not allow for the pointed-gothic design preferred by the Ecclesiological Society, Upjohn patterned the building after the Basilica of San Giorgio in Rome. The side galleries so important to preaching were not rebuilt, and focus in the building was dramatically pointed to the altar with a spacious (for the time) chancel.</p><br>
<p>Thus the "high church" position that St. Pauls had occupied since the rectorate of Dr. Bend became more pronounced, especially under the rectorate of Dr. William Wyatt, who oversaw the construction of the new building and the creation of a number of Anglo-Catholic mission parishes around Baltimore City, most notably Mount Calvary Church. His successor, Revd. Milo Mahan, introduced candles on the altar and seasonal liturgical colors.</p><br>
<p>Two rectors of Old St. Paul&#39;s have gone on to become bishops of the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland: The Right Rev. James Kemp (1764-1827) and the Right Rev. Harry Lee Doll, (1903-1984).</p><br>
<p>For many years St. Paul’s held the distinction of having the finest liturgical music in the city. In 1873, the Rev. John Sebastian Bach Hodges replaced the church’s paid quartet with a professional Choir of Men and Boys, which sang continuously for 141 years. In 2002 a Choir of Girls was created during the rectorship of the Rev. David Cobb, as a complementary ensemble. A mixed adult choir (volunteers plus professionals), formed under the leadership of the Rev. Mark Stanley, now sings for the primary Sunday service. Noted former Organist/Choirmasters of Old St. Paul’s include Rodney Hansen, Daniel Fortune, Jeremy Filsell, Diane Meredith Belcher, and Douglas Buchanan.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and design</h2><br>
<p>The present church was designed by renowned architect Richard Upjohn, with an eclectic juxtaposition of 12th-century Italian elements on the exterior and Romanesque elements on the interior. The exterior facade features two bas-reliefs of Christ and Moses, executed by the Italian sculptor Antonio Capellano (who also sculpted the statue on the top of the Battle Monument) that were originally part of the façade of the previous Robert Cary Long church. Other elements from the 1817 structure include the walls of the Federal period building, a stained glass window of the risen Christ over the entrance, a marble baptismal font designed by Maximilian Godefroy (who also designed the Battle Monument and the First Unitarian Church), and the Bishop’s chair given to St. Paul’s in 1815.</p><br>
<p>The church was given a relatively dark Victorian appearance when opened. The Greek columns were painted a sandstone orange, with an elaborate color scheme of brown, red, and yellow ochres dominating the rest of the nave. The chancel was dominated by a black walnut reredos. A small stained-glass window of St. Paul stood above the high altar. English Minton tiles adorned the aisles and chancel that complimented the color scheme of the church. An anonymous painting of this interior is still in the possession of the parish.</p><br>
<p>In 1903, the chancel was renovated to a brighter appearance, in accordance with the tastes of the period. The reredos was moved to the back of the church (where it still stands as a memorial wall), and a new Tiffany reredos was installed with a completely new design for the east wall, including a large chancel window by Helen Maitland Armstrong was installed above the altar, with the St. Paul window moved to the south aisle. The ochres of the 1850s gave way to white faux blocks etched into the nave.</p><br>
<p>The oldest of the aisle windows date to 1890, but most were installed at the same time as the chancel redecoration. The designers include Tiffany Studios of New York City and Clayton & Bell Studios.</p><br>
<p>In the 1930s, the faux blocking was removed, leaving only tracery around the windows. The chancel was renovated for cleaning and maintenance in the 1990s. In the summer of 2013, the interior of the church underwent a historic restoration that included painting the nave and adding a blue field with gold stars to the ceiling.</p><br>
<h2>Noted members</h2><br>
<p>Prominent members of the parish include Samuel Chase, John Eager Howard, Thomas Johnson, and William Donald Schaefer (mayor of Baltimore and governor, comptroller of Maryland).</p><br>
<h2>Historic designations</h2><br>
<p>St. Paul&#39;s Protestant Episcopal Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>St. Pauls Church Rectory, located a block west of Old St. Pauls Episcopal Church  is a historic Episcopal rectory located on steep "Cathedral Hill" at the northeast corner of Cathedral Street  and West Saratoga Streets in downtown Baltimore, Maryland, United States. In the rear of the old rectory is a small alley-like extension of West Pleasant Street and to the east behind the North Charles Street former residences and now commercial structures, is another small alley extension of Little  Sharp Street.</p><br>
<p>It is located on ground donated by Col. John Eager Howard, (1752-1827), commander of the famed "Maryland Line" regiment of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War and who was noted at the Battles of Brooklyn (Long Island) in New York, Monmouth in New Jersey, Guilford Courthouse in North Carolina, and the Cowpens in South Carolina. He was also former Governor of Maryland and U. S. Senator along with being an influential Baltimorean. He owned the large estate of "Belvidere" north of the town which was also known as "Howards Woods", with his Georgian/Federal style mansion located at the modern intersection of East Chase and North Calvert Streets (which was razed around 1875, when Calvert Street was extended further north to the old city limits at Boundary Avenue (now North Avenue). Many land donations of his went to churches, schools and other public institutions such as the Lexington Market as the town grew north and west. Most notably the land on which the Citys most important landmark, the Washington Monument now sits (built 1815-1827), with its four surrounding park-like squares (East and West Mount Vernon Place along with North and South Washington Place - laid out early 1830s) which has added so much character to the neighborhood and made Baltimore famous, came from his generousity. Plus after his death, his sons and family descendents further developed the extensive estate and land holdings, constructed or bought many townhouses and mansions on the newly platted grid of streets in the coming Victorian era. The Howards grew richer and more prosperous on the development rights in what became known as the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood and what became known as the "Western Precincts" of the rapidly expanding city, then the fourth largest in America.</p><br>
<p>Surrounded by a tall stone retaining wall around the remnants of the hill-top estate in the northwest of the town which dominated the new small settlement first laid out in 1729-1730, as there were no houses originally between it and Long Street, (later Market Street - now West Baltimore Street). It is a three-story Late Georgian / Federal style brick building constructed between 1789 and 1791. The front facade features a bull’s-eye window in the peak of a dentiled pediment. A two-story extension was added to the west end of the Rectory in the mid-1830s. Later known as the "Parsonage on the Hill", it is one of the oldest existing houses in the city with a verifiable date of construction.</p><br>
<p>The original first church building had begun construction on Lot #19 of the "Original Survey of 1730" at Forest (now North Charles) Street and newly named Saratoga Street (after the turning-point victory of the Colonials during the American Revolution at the Battle of Saratoga in upper New York State in 1777). The lot extended as far south as New Church Street (modern East Lexington Street) and further east to what was then called St. Pauls Lane (now St. Paul Street and Place/adjoining "Preston Gardens") soon after the town was established in 1729. The parish church was moved then from near Colgate Creek (later the site in the 1920s of the Harbor Field, municipal airport, later the Dundalk Marine Terminal of the Helen Delich Bentley Port of Baltimore) southeast of the present City from on the "Patapsco Neck" peninsula of southeastern surrounding Baltimore County and was completed nine years later (1739) as the first brick building in new Baltimore Town. The new parish structure was situated at the north end of the town surrounded by a cemetery, perched on the cliffs facing what was called Saint Pauls Lane overlooking the southwestward loop of the Jones Falls flowing towards "The Basin" (now the Inner Harbor), which veered towards the new courthouse later built in 1767 (when the growing town became the county seat of Baltimore County) on the Courthouse Square to the southeast (now the location of the current landmark, the Battle Monument of 1815-1822) in the present vicinity of North Calvert Street between modern East Fayette and East Lexington Streets.</p><br>
<p>After only seven years since the completion of the four-year construction project of the parishs second brick building in front of the older one of 1739 and which had been dedicated by the rector, Dr. William West on Whitsuntide/Pentecost, Sunday, May 30, 1784, surrounded by the cemetery on the slopes above the Falls. The former 1739 structures wooden bell steeple was erected in the center of the churchyard/cemetery after it was torn down in November 1786. An illustration drawing/painting of the scene in the late 18th Century, is exhibited on the Baltimore City National Heritage Area historical exhibit/tourism pylon (historical marker - also silver aluminium plaque from city Commission for Historical and Architectural Preservation from early 1980s affixed to church brick wall) across the street from the present church (southwest corner of Charles and Saratoga Streets) at Charles Plaza, northernmost extent of the Charles Center downtown redevelopment project of the late 1950s to 1960s.</p><br>
<p>Situated a block to the west, the House was originally built for the Rev. Dr. William West, rector of the church since June 7, 1779, and a friend and former neighbor of George Washington, at Mount Vernon, Virginia, but was completed after his death, March 30, 1791 and he never occupied it. After a lottery was held beginning in April 1788, "for the purpose of building a parsonage for the minister of the Protestant Episcopal congregation in Baltimore Town", 3,000 tickets were sold at $2.00 each, with prizes of $4,000 total, leaving $2,000 for the construction of the house. The managers of the lottery were: John Moale, John Merryman, Andrew T. Ennals, John Eager Howard, John Weatherburn, John Hammond, George Grundy, Dr. Darling, James Calhoun (first mayor of Baltimore Town since 1794, then City after 1797 to 1804), Englehard Yeider, George P. Keeports, William Gibson, William McCreery, Thomas Hollingsworth, and Andrew Buchanan - all prominent citizens in the early years of the burgeoning town.</p><br>
<p>Previous to the construction of the Saratoga Street mansion, Dr. West resided in a parsonage located one block south of the church at the northwest corner of Forest (later Charles) and New Church Street (later renamed West Lexington Street after the Revolution - future site of the early "skyscraper" of gray granite, Fidelity and Deposit Trust Company building of 1894, founded 1890 by future Maryland Gov., Edwin Warfield). Rev. Dr. West&#39;s home was one-story frame house with a "hip-roof" painted red and had a yard in front ornamented with trees and shrubbery, on the hilly edge of the settlement.</p><br>
<p>Used as a family residence by all of the rectors of Old St. Pauls since the summer of 1791 starting with Wests successor minister, the Rev. Dr. Joseph J. G. Bend (who died November 1812) until the last occupant, The Rev. Fr. William McKeachie of England and his family in the early 1990s, when after some minor renovations and additional commercial re-wiring, it is now used by the Preservation Maryland, Inc. historical organization.</p><br>
<p>To the northwest of the Rectory, at 309 Cathedral Street which is on the southeast corner with West Pleasant Street alley is "Saint Pauls House" which was built in the 1880s following the connection of Cathedral Street to the north with Liberty/Hopkins Place/South Sharp Streets to the south. This was enabled by the razing in 1883 to the Rectorys west of the Greek Revival 1820s-era townhouse/mansion of A.S. Abell, (Arunah Shepherdson Abell, 1806-1888), founder and beginning of the Abell-Black families dynasty which owned and published ""The Sun"" of Baltimore since 1837, one of the city&#39;s largest newspapers and influential from its early years in the nation.</p><br>
<p>To the east on Saratoga was the 1830s-era city townhouse of red brick and limestone/marble trim in the Greek Revival style of local merchant and financier Johns Hopkins (1792-1873), who died in the house by Little Sharp Street. It complemented his country estate in the northeast city of "Clifton" (which is still standing and located in middle of today&#39;s Clifton Park) in northeast Baltimore which was to be the original site of The Johns Hopkins University that he provided for in his will of 1867, before his death in 1873 on Saratoga Street. But it instead was temporarily located by his appointed trustees board along with their newly recruited first president, Daniel Coit Gilman, along North Howard and West Centre Streets for fifty years. After the Hopkins mansion was razed, it was replaced by a two-level, crumbling concrete parking garage in the 1950s, which is still an eyesore to the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>The Hopkins residence also was adjoining the previous site in the late 18th and early 19th Centuries of "the Roman Catholic Congregation of Baltimore Town", founded 1770 and incorporated 1795 as St. Peters Church and the first organized group of Catholics in the city. After the 1789 appointment of Father John Carroll as the first Roman Catholic bishop in America, and his subsequent return home after his ordination in England, he was installed in August 1790 in the now "St. Peters Pro-Cathedral" as "the ordinary" (bishop) of what became known as "The Premier See", the Diocese of Baltimore. Later that year, St. Peters Pro-Cathedral saw the meeting of the first synod of priests of the new national American diocese (along with a western diocese in Bardstown, Kentucky - now the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville) and opening ceremonies for the newly established St. Marys Seminary located further to the northwest on the Hookstown Road (later Pennsylvania Avenue) and its movement to and later establishment on North Paca Street of its adjoining secular St. Marys College. After the construction of Benjamin Henry Latrobes "Old Baltimore Cathedral" (later the Basilica of the Assumption of Mary), constructed one block further north at Cathedral Street, between West Mulberry and Franklin Streets during 1806-1821; old, but important and historic St. Peters Pro-Cathedral was razed in 1841 along with its adjoining red-brick rectory, school and cemetery along West Saratoga and North Charles Streets on the northwest corner, on the opposite corner of the third parish structure (1814/17-1854) of the four buildings of Old St. Pauls Parish. It was at old St. Peter&#39;s Church and Pro-Cathedral, that notable events during 1790 to 1821 occurred in the history of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore and the Church in America, such as the first ordination of a bishop, the convening of a synod of priests, and the offices and ministry of the first American bishop.</p><br>
<p>"St. Paul&#39;s House" on adjacent Cathedral Street, was used for parish offices of the congregation and as a parish/social hall and after some commercial renovations in the mid-1990s, was additionally rented and sub-let to several religious and charitable organizations and a private attorney.</p><br>
<p>In the rear of the Rectory, to the north across the Pleasant Street alley is the unassuming backs of the fancy townhouses fronting along West Mulberry Street. In a back parlor, (facing the rear porches and yard of the Churchs house) imbibing brandy and fine cigars, a group of three literate men in October, 1833 perused several manuscripts and decided on one that showed great mysterious promise. After that evening at civic leader John H. B. Latrobes house (son of the famed architect Benjamin), joined by John Pendleton Kennedy and another, they agreed on "MS Found In A Bottle" to be published in the journal "Baltimore Sunday Visitor" launching the career of the mercurial Edgar Allan Poe.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1891-92, across Cathedral Street to the west from the historic Georgian/Federal House, the Odd Fellows order constructed a large five-story hall of red brick which was lovingly renovated preserving its historic features in the early 1980s and several offices were installed within. To its north, up the street sat the former boys high school in gray granite stone, run by the Christian Brothers as Calvert Hall College - founded 1845 and located here on the southwestern corner of Cathedral and West Mulberry Street from 1890 to 1960, when CHC moved north to suburban Baltimore County, near Towson, when it was replaced by the white starkly modern Archdiocesan Building offices for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore since 1963.</p><br>
<p>Across the street from the Rectory for over seventy years was the famous "Rennert Hotel" on the southeastern corner of Saratoga with Cethedral-Liberty Streets. A massive triangular pile of bricks with turrets and flourishes, the Rennert was constructed in the 1870s and became the premier "hang-out" spot for local machine politicians. It was the site of a famous joyous celebration and photograph surrounding famed Baltimore writer/reporter/editor/columnist/author/linguist H. L. Mencken, (1880-1956), as he took the first drink in Baltimore of legalized beer after the repeal of Prohibition in 1933. The crusty old warren of a hostellery and brick pile with its Victorian decorative features was torn down in 1941, and despite many re-development attempts, nothing has ever re-surfaced from its site as a small triangular three-level parking garage, later also in turn razed in the 1980s for a parking lot for another seventy years. The Rectory however sits on the northern edge of the Charles Center project now overlooking most of the starkly modernistic skyscrapers of the 1960s and 70s and its three plazas, along with the former Baltimore Civic Center (now the 1st Mariner Arena). Before all the demolition began, West Lexington Street, one block south was the scene of Baltimore&#39;s tightly-compacted, earlier 20th Century entertainment district along West Lexington Street with over a dozen elaborate movie theatres and palaces stretched on the several blocks.</p><br>
<p>St. Pauls Church Rectory was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 20, 1973, which is maintained by the USA Department of the Interiors National Park Service according to the Congressional "Historic Sites Act" of August 21, 1935.</p><br>
<p>It is one of the oldest, continuously occupied, residential houses in the city and is a landmark with two additional large dominating mature trees with greenery spread before it over the stone wall in the middle of the urban gritty city, now the largest old trees downtown.</p><br>
<p>The Mordecai Lincoln House is a historic house located in Washington County, Kentucky, 6 mi north of Springfield, Kentucky. It was the home of Mordecai Lincoln, brother of Thomas Lincoln, the father of the 16th President of the United States Abraham Lincoln. It is the only house owned by a member of Abraham Lincoln&#39;s family that still stands in Kentucky. It is across KY 528 from Lincoln Homestead State Park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mordecai Lincoln was with his father Captain Abraham Lincoln when he was shot by an Indian. Mordecai rescued his younger brother Thomas, by shooting an Indian reaching for him. Thomas became the father of Abraham Lincoln, the future president.</p><br>
<p>In 1792 Mordecai gained his inheritance from his father upon reaching the age of majority. Later the same year he married into one of the "first families" of Washington County by marrying Mary Mudd. (Marys first cousin twice removed was Doctor Samuel Mudd, who was guilty of conspiring in the Lincoln assassination; he treated John Wilkes Booths broken leg during Booth&#39;s escape attempt after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln in April 1865).</p><br>
<p>In 1797 Mordecai Lincoln bought 300 acre from Terah Templin in Washington County, and built what is known as the Mordecai Lincoln House on the property. He and his family lived in the house until 1811, when they moved to Grayson County, Kentucky. In 1828 they moved to Hancock County, Illinois, where Mordecai died two years later.</p><br>
<p>The Mordecai Lincoln House is the only home of any member of the Lincoln family that still stands in Kentucky. The homes of Abraham Lincolns father Thomas Lincoln, Sinking Spring Farm and Knob Creek Farm, were both razed in the 19th century, as was Mordecais Grayson County home. His brother Josiah Lincoln&#39;s log cabin was destroyed in 1941.</p><br>
<p>Scratchell&#39;s Bay is a bay on the south west coast of the Isle of Wight, England just to the south east of The Needles. It faces roughly south towards the English Channel, it is 250m in length and is straight. The name is thought to have come from one of the many names for the Devil.</p><br>
<p>The beach which is made up mostly of shingle cannot be reached any other way than by boat, as there is no access from the top of the cliff. A small cave is located at the east end of the bay, near Sun Corner.</p><br>
<p>The bay is best viewed from either the lookout point near the rocket launching facility or the Needles Old Battery National Trust property on the cliff top.</p><br>
<p>The wreck of a 19th-century iron-hulled sailing ship called the lies within the bay.</p><br>
<p>Jerusalem Mill Village is a living history museum that spans the 18th through early 20th centuries. One of the oldest and most intact mill villages in the USA state of Maryland, Jerusalem is located in Harford County, along the Little Gunpowder Falls River. It also serves as the headquarters of the Gunpowder Falls State Park. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 1987. Also on the National Register of Historic Places and located nearby are Jericho Farm and the Jericho Covered Bridge.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 318 acre tract of land called Jerusalem was patented to Nicholas Hampstead and John Walley in 1687. By 1743, the tract had been acquired by an ironmaster, Stephen Onion, and had been enlarged to 368 acre with several buildings. When Onion died in 1750, his nephew, Zacheas Barrett Onion, acquired the property. Onion engaged Isash Linton of Bucks County, Pennsylvania to come to Jerusalem to improve the existing ironworks and mill. Linton was joined by his family and partner David Lee. He eventually built eight water-powered mills along the Little Gunpowder. The fourth mill was completed in 1772 and is now the centerpiece of the living history park.</p><br>
<p>The village functioned at a Quaker village into the early 20th century. Evidence suggests that David Lee and several of his Quaker neighbors carved black walnut stocks and assembled rifles for the Continental army in the gunshop that stands behind the gristmill. During the Civil War, on July 11, 1864, Harry Gilmor stopped at the General Store in Jerusalem Mill, now popularly known as McCourtneys, capturing supplies and horses, as part of Gilmors Raid.</p><br>
<p>After the Civil War, the buildings in the village were gradually leased out and sold. A succession of owners operated the gristmill until 1961, when it was then purchased by the State of Maryland to be part of the Gunpowder Falls State Park.</p><br>
<p>The historic buildings are maintained by the Maryland State Parks, volunteer support, and the Friends of Jerusalem Mill Village. Efforts are currently underway to stabilize and preserve the Lee Family&#39;s historic Bank Barn.</p><br>
<p>On April 10, 2016, a Blue Star Memorial Highway marker was dedicated at Jerusalem Mill, honoring those who served in the USA armed forces.</p><br>
<p>Saint Vincent de Paul, now known as Prince of Peace Church is a historic Roman Catholic church building in Mobile, Alabama. It was designed by a local architect, James H. Hutchisson, in the Gothic Revival style. The current building was built in 1874 and dedicated on January 21, 1877. It replaced an earlier frame structure that had been completed in 1847 and burned prior to the erection of this building. This building was originally the parish church for Saint Vincent de Paul Parish. The neighboring St. Peter Claver Parish was established in 1911. On December 25, 1970 these two parishes were combined to form Prince of Peace Parish. A new Saint Vincent de Paul Parish was then established in western Mobile County to serve the Tillmans Corner area. The church was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 24, 1992, as a part of the Historic Roman Catholic Properties in Mobile Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>The Church of St Mary Magdalene in Chewton Mendip, Somerset, England, was built in the 1540s and has been designated as a Grade I listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The church has Saxon origins, with the register commencing in 560. Building work being undertaken in the 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th centuries with restoration in 1865. The current church, which was started in 1441 by Carthusian monks, incorporates several Norman features including the north doorway. The tower was added in 1541.</p><br>
<p>The church was a Saxon minster with subordinate chapels at Ston Easton, Emborough, Farrington Gurney and Paulton. The church was granted by William the Conqueror to the French Jumièges Abbey. After the confiscation of alien churches Henry V gave it to the Priory of Sheen in Surrey which held it until the dissolution of the monasteries.</p><br>
<p>Wade and Wade in their 1929 book "Somerset" described the church as a "singularly interesting church, which possesses one of the most stately towers in the county".</p><br>
<p>Their description continued</p><br>
<p>"The arrangement of double belfry windows in the two upper stages is unusual, and the conventional lines of the elaborately pierced parapet above are relieved by the projecting stair turret and spirelet. The general effect is rich and impressive. The figure of our Lord, surrounded by four pairs of adoring angels, over the W. doorway should also be observed (cp. Batcombe). In the body of the church note should be taken of the good Norm. doorway forming the N. entrance. The interior is remarkable for an ugly bit of mediaeval vandalism. To render the altar observable from all parts of the church, a Norm. triplet, which once formed the chancel arch, has been mutilated; a pointed arch has been inserted, and the corner of the S. wall pared away. The chancel contains the only extant specimen in Somerset of a frid stool, a rough seat let into the sill of the N. window of the sacrarium for the accommodation of anyone claiming sanctuary. Note (1) piscinas of different dates in chancel; (2) change of design in arcading of nave, showing subsequent lengthening of church — the earlier columns stand on Norm. bases; (3) rood-loft doorway and ancient pulpit stairs near modern pulpit; (4) Jacobean lectern and Bible of 1611. The "Bonville" chantry, S. of chancel, contains a 15th-cent. altar-tomb with recumbent effigies of Sir H. Fitzroger and wife, and a modern mural tablet with medallion to Viscountess Waldegrave. In the churchyard is a weather-worn but fine cross, with a canopied crucifix. The Communion plate is pre-Reformation, dating from 1511."</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The church is made of Lias Stone, with a 126 ft tower of Doulting Stone which was "unfinished" in 1541. The tower, which dates from around 1540, contains a bell dating from 1753 and made by Thomas Bilbie of the Bilbie family. In addition, there is a peal of eight bells by Taylor&#39;s of Loughborough.</p><br>
<p>Near the altar, there is a stone seat for criminals taking sanctuary in the church.</p><br>
<h2>Ornaments</h2><br>
<p>Near the altar is a stone seat, known as a frid for those, especially criminals, who took sanctuary in the church. The Waldegrave family have owned Chewton from 1553, but did not live in the village until the 1860s.</p><br>
<p>The stained glass is largely from the 19th century, but some 15th-century and earlier fragments remain in the chancel window.</p><br>
<p>There are three piscinae, two medieval chests and 16th-century carved bench ends. The circular Early English font stands under the tower.</p><br>
<h2>Churchyard cross</h2><br>
<p>A 15th-century stone cross in the churchyard also has Grade I listed building status.</p><br>
<p>The Pearl S. Buck Birthplace is a historic home in Hillsboro, West Virginia where American writer Pearl S. Buck was born. The home now serves as a museum offering guided tours. The site also includes a carpentry shop and barn with over 100 historic farm and woodworking tools, and the log home of Bucks fathers family, the Sydenstrickers, which was moved from Greenbrier County.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built around 1875, the three-story home was constructed by hand by a Dutch refugee family escaping religious persecution in the Netherlands. Buck was born at the house in 1892 while her parents, Caroline Stulting and Absalom Sydenstricker, were on leave from Presbyterian missionary work in China. They returned to China three months after her birth.</p><br>
<p>Pearl S. Buck was the first American woman to win both the Pulitzer Prize (1932, for The Good Earth) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (1938). A world-renowned author, she wrote over 100 books and hundreds of short stories and magazine articles. Her books have been translated into 69 foreign languages.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation and current use</h2><br>
<p>Buck herself was heavily involved in the preservation and restoration of the house. In the book My Mother&#39;s House she shared her vision for the museum:</p><br>
<p>If it (the house) ever lives again, and God grant it may for my Mother&#39;s memory, I hope it will live a new life, not for myself or for my family but for people. I would like it to belong to everyone who cares to go there. From that home has come so much life - that it ought never to die or fall into ruin.</p><br>
<p>For my ancestors, it provided shelter and home in a new land, a house where they lived their new lives with traditional dignity... For my mother, it provided a home, living forever in her thought and memory, though she made dwelling places in a far country. For me it is a living heart in the country I knew was my own but which was strange to me until I returned to the house where I was born. For me that house was a gateway to America. May it live again, my Mother&#39;s house, and may it prove for others, too, a gateway to new thoughts and dreams and ways of life.</p><br>
<p>Guided tours of the house are available May 1 - November 1, Mondays, and Thursdays through Saturday, or by appointment. The site also hosts various events throughout the year.</p><br>
<h3>Manuscripts</h3><br>
<p>Pearl Buck gave her valuable manuscript collection to the Birthplace Foundation in 1970. The collection (minus The Good Earth, which was missing at the time) was acquired in 1974 and is presently stored at West Virginia Wesleyan College, under a special arrangement made with Senator John D. Rockefeller IV, then President of the College. The manuscripts will remain there until suitable housing is built at the Birthplace. They are available to researchers with permission from the foundation.</p><br>
<h3>The Stulting House</h3><br>
<p>The Stulting family, Pearl Bucks maternal ancestors, moved from Utrecht, the Netherlands, in 1847 with 300 of their friends and relatives so that they might practice their religion freely during a time of religious intolerance in the Netherlands. They were forced to leave the land they loved and move to a strange new country. The party consisted of Cornelius Stulting (called "Mynheer" in Pearl Bucks books), his wife Arnolda, and their five married sons and their families—three generations.</p><br>
<p>Upon arrival in New York, the families and friends began to go their own ways. The Stultings moved to West Virginia, then still a part of Virginia, and purchased land. After first settling in Dutch Bottom, they bought a small farmland of 16 acre, of which the Pearl S. Buck Birthplace Foundation now owns 13 acres. It is located in the area commonly referred to as "Little Levels," surrounding the town of Hillsboro in Pocahontas County, West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>Pearl S. Buck&#39;s great grandfather, Cornelius "Mynheer" Stulting, had a yearning to build a house like the one they had in the Netherlands. His wife, Arnolda, was homesick, and he hoped that the new house would help her accept living in America more easily.</p><br>
<p>The Stulting men worked very hard and all supplies for building were taken from the land. They worked more than two years and the house was nearly completed when Cornelius "Mynheer" took a chill and became very ill. He died before seeing the house completed. The house was finally finished by Hermanus, Pearl Buck&#39;s grandfather, and his son, Cornelius John, with the knowledge and fine craftsmanship they had learned from their ancestors, and the family moved into the house: "There at the edge of the settlement they built it, a goodly, twelve room house of wood, with smooth floors and plastered and paper wall, a city house" (The Exile, 29-30).</p><br>
<p>Pearl Bucks mother, Caroline, often called "Carrie," was reared in this house. She married Absalom Sydenstricker, one of the nine children of Andrew and Frances Coffman Sydenstricker of Ronceverte, West Virginia. Shortly after their marriage, they left for China to become missionaries. "They were pioneer missionaries and worked in more than a dozen places in China. Sometimes no other white family lived in their town" (My Mothers House, 35).</p><br>
<p>The Sydenstrickers visited this home frequently on their furloughs, which were usually every nine years, and it was during one of these visits that Pearl Comfort Sydenstricker was born in her grandfather&#39;s home on June 26, 1892.</p><br>
<p>Since her childhood was spent in China, Pearl&#39;s visits here enlarged her love for this American home, which her mother had instilled in her with many stories.</p><br>
<p>The Stulting family enjoyed and taught music, practiced its fine craftsmanship, became school teachers, raised children, and shared joys and sorrows together in the house until 1922. Mr. George P. Edgar then bought the house and made it a winter home for his family until the early 1960s.</p><br>
<p>Then the home was purchased by Mr. Jim Comstock to preserve it for its historical value. After raising about $4,000 from the West Virginia Hillbilly newspaper readers, he asked the West Virginia Federation of Women&#39;s Clubs to take over the purchase. The purchase and restoration were made possible by the donations of clubwomen across the state.</p><br>
<p>FundRazr to complete the restoration of windows in the Stulting House.</p><br>
<h3>The Stulting Barn</h3><br>
<p>According to research undertaken during the restoration, the inner structure that served as the foundation for the restoration dates to the mid-to-late 1860s. The nails used to hold the weatherboarding in place may be dated at approximately 1830 to 1890. This siding contained vertical saw marks which were uniform indicating the use of an up and down action power saw which may have been water powered. This would date the siding at about 1830 to about 1860—prior to circular saw use for the area. The structural framing details also fit this period of dating, about 1830 to 1860. Structural research indicates that the barn was built with the sheds all at one time.</p><br>
<p>Today, this barn with its antique farm implements and equipment, with a hayloft, stalls, and raised storage area, lacks only the farm animals to make it typical of the 1892 era.</p><br>
<h3>The Sydenstricker House</h3><br>
<p>This house was a gift to the Birthplace Foundation from two sisters, Mrs. Lucille Spencer, of Richwood, and Mrs. Leona Bonin, who lived in it before building a new home on the Sydenstricker farm.The house was moved from its original site and rebuilt in Hillsboro.</p><br>
<p>The Sydenstricker house was the birthplace of Pearls father, Dr. Absalom Sydenstricker, Presbyterian missionary to China for his entire adult life. The original log section is a museum for Sydenstricker items and the period 1834–1880. The house was built in 1834 by Andrew Sydenstricker, who married Frances Coffman on January 16, 1834 and became the father of nine children, including Absalom. Five of Andrews sons became ministers, four Presbyterian and one Methodist.</p><br>
<p>The Sydenstricker family was very prominent in Greenbrier County. Philip Sydenstricker, great-great-grandfather of Pearl S. Buck, came to America from Bavaria (Germany) -- first to Pennsylvania, then on to West Virginia ("Virginia" at the time) after the Revolutionary War, settling on a farm near Ronceverte, Greenbrier County, in what is known as the Fort Springs area. He arrived in America by ship on September 26, 1764.</p><br>
<p>The original two-story section of the house was built of logs, and later covered with siding to match the additional part of the house, which was added as the family grew. The siding was removed in the reconstruction of the house.</p><br>
<p>Reconstruction was begun with a $15,000 grant from the West Virginia Bicentennial Committee. The grant enabled the Birthplace Foundation to dismantle the house, transport the building materials to Hillsboro, and to put in the foundation. An additional $12,000 was invested in it from contributions for this purpose. A grant from the Claude Worthington Benedum Foundation of $25,000 has enabled it to be completed in 1892. The Pearl Buck Birthplace Foundation seeks donated items for this house, especially Sydenstricker memorabilia and furniture.</p><br>
<h3>Pearl S. Buck Memorial Garden</h3><br>
<p>The Birthplace farm is being developed into a Memorial Garden honoring Pearl. The project was started by Greenbrier District, West Virginia Garden Clubs, when a fruit orchard was restored with old-fashioned trees of the period. Also, grape vines and flowers were planted where the Stultings had originally planted them.</p><br>
<p>A few trees on the ground were originally planted by the Stultings, including a stately old Chinese mulberry tree which until recently stood in front of the house by the right. It had been brought as a seedling from China by Pearl Buck&#39;s missionary parents. Several other mulberry trees can still be seen on the property.</p><br>
<p>In The Exile, Pearl Buck wrote about her memory of the maple tree in front of the house: "There was an enormous old sugar maple to the left and there was a stile under it. Here many a time led her horse to mount it."</p><br>
<p>It was this same maple tree that Pearl Buck fondly referred to during a visit to her birthplace. She gazed beneath the tree and softly said, "I would like to be buried underneath that tree." But she qualified this by saying her children would make the final choice.</p><br>
<p>Catahoula Lake is a large freshwater lake located in La Salle Parish and Rapides Parish of central Louisiana, United States.</p><br>
<p>Catahoula Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake in the state covering just over 46 square miles. It is owned by the State of Louisiana and managed by the USA Army Corps of Engineers, the USA Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries.</p><br>
<p>Catahoula is a shallow, and poorly drained wetland supported by the Little River and several creeks. It was drained by the Old River, French Fork and a number of bayous until several flood control projects changed the lake&#39;s drainage characteristics.</p><br>
<p>It is known as the largest moist soil unit in North America and supports a variety of waterfowl including geese, duck, and wading birds and is a recreational area for hunting, fishing, hiking, sight seeing, and bird watching. Access to the lake is limited on the western shores due to private and corporate fencing.</p><br>
<h2>Resources</h2><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>The Nikanassin Range s a group of mountain ranges in the Canadian Rockies on the eastern edge of Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is developed south-east of the Fiddle Range, and one of the front ranges. Nikanassin means "first range" in Cree.</p><br>
<p>The range has an extent of 2,760 km&sup2, with a length of 80 km from north-west to south-east, and a width of 66 km. Its highest point is Climax Mountain, with a height of 2,823 m.</p><br>
<p>Numerous seams of coal are found in this range, with past and present mines at Cadomin, Mountain Park and Luscar.</p><br>
<p>The range gives the name to the Nikanassin Formation, a stratigraphical unit of late Jurassic age that has its stratotype in this region.</p><br>
<h2>Peaks</h2><br>
<p>Cañon City Downtown Historic District is a historic district in Cañon City, Colorado. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The historic district listing was based on a 1981 survey by city staff; a 2004-05 survey has been completed which updates and expands upon it.</p><br>
<p>The district includes 80 historic structures, mostly two-story buildings, in the downtown commercial area of Canon City. These are mostly on Main Street from 4th Street to 7th Street. They were built mostly during 1870-1920 of brick and stone and reflect Canon City&#39;s success as a regional trade center.</p><br>
<p>Thirty-three are identified as significant contributing buildings, and 15 as also contributing, with the remainder being intrusions. The northeast "anchor" of the district is the United Methodist Church at 8th and Main. The McClure House/Strathmore Hotel (1872), separately listed on the NRHP, on Main and the west side of 4th Street is at the other end.</p><br>
<p>In 1986 its borders were increased to include 602 Macon Avenue, and which has been turned into condominiums.</p><br>
<p>The World War Memorial, also known as the Kimball War Memorial Building, stands on a hill in Kimball, West Virginia. Designed in 1927 by Welch, West Virginia architect Hassel T. Hicks, the memorial was dedicated in 1928 to African-American veterans of World War I. It was the first such memorial to African-American veterans in the United States. The building functioned as a community center in the isolated coal mining region until a fire in 1991, which destroyed the interior. The stone, terra cotta and brick Classical Revival building stood as a ruin for more than a decade until a restoration. The memorial building was listed while still a ruin on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>African-Americans represented as much as thirty-five percent of the workforce in McDowell County coal mines, with 1500 volunteering for service in World War I. After a county-funded war memorial was built in Welch, African-American veterans petitioned the county commission for funding, resulting in an appropriation of $25,000 for the building&#39;s construction. The completed building housed a hundred-seat meeting room, trophy room, kitchen, recreation center and a library, and was used by local citizens of all races. It was also home to the Kimball American Legion post, which was itself the first African-American Legion post. The building was abandoned in the 1970s. After an abortive proposal to sell the property, studies continued for its restoration until the 1991 fire.</p><br>
<p>The building was restored in the 2000s (decade) and is used as a community center, winning an Honor Award from the West Virginia chapter of the American Institute of Architects.</p><br>
<p>Doi Suthep , is a mountain  west of Chiang Mai, Thailand. It is 1,676 m in elevation and is one of the twin peaks of a granite mountain. The other peak is known as Doi Pui and is slightly higher .</p><br>
<p>Doi Suthep is 15 km from Chiang Mai city centre. The vegetation below 1,000 m is mostly deciduous forest, with evergreen forest above this elevation.</p><br>
<p>The Doi Suthep - Doi Pui hill is part of the Thanon Thong Chai Range, the southernmost subrange of the Shan Highland system. Other high peaks of the same range are Doi Luang Chiang Dao (2,175 m), Doi Pui (1,685 m), and Doi Inthanon, the highest point in Thailand, at 2,565 m.</p><br>
<p>The temple Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep is on top of a hill (around 1,060 m) forming Doi Suthep. This Buddhist place of worship dates back to the 13th century. It is an important venue for the devout and a legend featuring a white elephant is connected to this revered site. There are views of Chiang Mai city and its surroundings from the top of this mountain.</p><br>
<p>This mountain is part of the Doi Suthep-Pui National Park. The park was established in 1981 and has an area of 261 km&sup2; that includes the Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep temple as well as Bhubing Rjanives Palace, further up the mountain.</p><br>
<p>Doi Pui, the other peak of the massif, is close by via a surfaced road as well as through forest paths. Hmong hill tribe people live in the surrounding area.</p><br>
<p>Totland Bay is a bay on the west coast of the Isle of Wight, England. It lies to the west of the village of Totland from which it takes its name. It faces north west and its shoreline is 4 km in length and is made up of a straight west facing coast which has a beach, concrete seawall, groynes and pier and a straight north facing rocky coastline. It stretches from Warden Point in the north to Hatherwood Point in the south west.</p><br>
<p>The seabed is a mixture of mud and sand. The beach is predominantly shingle. Since 2001 the quality of the beach has been high enough for it to be awarded the Seaside Award Flag. In the summer, litter and seaweed are removed each day, with the latter being composted by local farmers. Currently, the pier is being refurbished to re-open the cafe which was there before.</p><br>
<p>The bay is best viewed from Headon Warren or anywhere along the concrete seawall. The Isle of Wight Coastal Path runs along the seawall from Warden Point to Widdick Chine.</p><br>
<p>Weston Academy, which closed in 2015 is located in the bay area.</p><br>
<p>The Peterson–Dumesnil House is a Victorian-Italianate house in the Crescent Hill neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Of the remaining large country estates built by Louisvillians in the late 19th century to the east of the city, it is the closest to Downtown Louisville, and primarily for that reason, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built on a 31 acre lot in 1869 or 1870. In the post-Civil-War period, wealthy Louisvillians began to build country houses near the city, where they would spend weekends or summers, and eventually live as faster transportation to the city became available. It was originally one of several similar villa-style houses built on large lots on the south side of Frankfort Avenue, overlooking the valley through which Grinstead Drive now runs. Most as close to Downtown as the Peterson–Dumesnil house were demolished to make way for suburban residential development on small lots in the early 20th century. By 1974, only one other old estate remained in Crescent Hill, and it was irrepairibly damaged by the tornado that hit Louisville that year.</p><br>
<p>Joseph Peterson, a wealthy Louisville tobacco merchant, built the house. He was known for his contributions to Louisville architecture, as his 1889 obituary reads, he "built many of the handsome and best structures which adorn our streets". The house is believed to have been designed by local architect Henry Whitestone.</p><br>
<p>Peterson&#39;s granddaughter, Eliza Dumesnil, inherited the house and lived in it until her death in 1948. The Louisville Board of Education then purchased it and operated it as a private club for teachers, the only one of its kind in the United States, but this practice was abandoned and in 1982 the board declared it surplus, and sold the house to the Peterson–Dumesnil House Foundation.</p><br>
<p>The house is home to the Crescent Hill Community Council in the Louisville Historical League and is rented out for events such as weddings.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Peterson House was built after the Civil War, circa 1869-70, in the asymmetrical Italian villa style. It is built of brick on a limestone foundation, painted white, and is two stories tall. The only major alteration to the structure is a new front porch, built sometime after 1898.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s Italianate facade is common in mansions of the period, and the exterior is also marked by a large cupola.</p><br>
<p>Lovely Lane United Methodist Church, formerly known as First Methodist Episcopal Church, and earlier founded as Lovely Lane Chapel is a historic United Methodist church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States.</p><br>
<p>The building on St. Paul Street and 22nd Streets in the Charles Village (then originally named "Peabody Heights") neighborhood in the northern area of the City, was designed by renowned New York City architect Stanford White, (1853–1906) in the Romanesque Revival style, and completed in 1884, as the "Centennial Monument of American Methodism". It is patterned after the early churches and basilicas in Ravenna, Italy. The exterior is constructed of a gray ashlar granite with limited ornamentation. It features a square bell tower patterned after the campanile of the 12th century church of Santa Maria, Abbey of Pomposa, near Ravenna. The pulpit is a reproduction of the one at St. Apollinaris, in Ravenna.</p><br>
<p>Locally influential architect Charles L. Carson was supervising architect for the McKim, Mead & White firm from New York City during construction of the church. Lovely Lane Methodist Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>Lovely Lane Chapel</h2><br>
<p>The congregation is known as the "Mother Church of American Methodism."</p><br>
<p>The original Lovely Lane Chapel or Meeting House was the scene of the December 1784 "Christmas Conference", at which the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States was founded and Francis Asbury and Thomas Coke were ordained as its first bishops.</p><br>
<p>The plain original chapel on Lovely Lane, off German (now Redwood) Street, between South Calvert Street and South Street in the city&#39;s waterfront district, was abandoned in 1786 and demolished. It was replaced (first) by an elaborate beaux-arts structure of the Merchants Club, and now the building contains a teaching restaurant run by the Baltimore International Culinary College, now affiliated with Stratford University.</p><br>
<p>The Old Bend High School is a historic school building in Bend, Oregon, in the United States. Opened in 1925, the building served as a public high school for 31 years and a junior high school for an additional 22 years before being transitioned in 1979 into its current role as the administrative headquarters for the Bend-La Pine School District.</p><br>
<p>Because of its unique architecture and history, the Old Bend High School is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Bends first schoolhouse was opened in 1887. It was located in an abandoned cabin near the Deschutes River in what is now Drake Park. That schoolhouse was replaced in 1904 by a three-story wood-frame school building located at the north end of Bends downtown area, near where the Deschutes County Court House is located today. The first high school curriculum was developed that same year, by Ruth Reid, who was the Bend School District’s first principal.</p><br>
<p>In 1913, the people of Bend passed a school bond issue that provided $23,000 for the purchase of property and the construction of a modern public school. The result was the three-story Reid School finished in 1914. The new school accommodated 241 students from first grade through high school. Because the Great Northern and Union Pacific railroads had opened routes into Central Oregon in 1911, the community was growing rapidly. As a result, 42 of the 241 children who attended the Reid School in 1914 were new students.</p><br>
<p>In 1917, a new eight-room brick high school was built in downtown Bend. In its first year, the high school enrollment was 115 students. As the number of students continued to grow, the classrooms became overcrowded. By 1920, the high school had overflowed into sixteen temporary classrooms located in several downtown buildings including two cellars.</p><br>
<p>In 1923, the Bend school board established a building committee to develop plans for a new high school. Based on recommendations from the building committee, the school board accept the Bend Amateur Athletic Club building (also listed on the National Register of Historic Places) from the Bend Holding Company to use as the high school gymnasium. In January 1924, a new unified high school district was approved by Bend voters. A month later, voters in the unified school district approved a $209,000 bond issue for the construction of a new high school building adjacent to the Bend Amateur Athletic Club facility. Construction began in the fall of 1924, and was finished in time to open on 7 September 1925. There were 69 seniors in the school’s first graduating class in May 1926.</p><br>
<p>By 1952, the enrollment was approaching 1,000. However, the building continued to house Bend’s high school until 1956 when a new high school was opened. A year later, the old high school building became Cascade Junior High. It served as a junior high school for 22 years. In 1979, the junior high students moved to a new building, and the old facility was converted into administrative offices for the Bend-La Pine School District. Since 1979, the old Bend High School building has housed school district offices plus several kindergarten classrooms.</p><br>
<p>Because of the school&#39;s unique architecture and its importance to the history of Bend, the Bend High School building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. Today, a near the building’s main entrance reminds visitor of the school’s heritage.</p><br>
<h2>Structure</h2><br>
<p>The old Bend High School is a neoclassical Beaux Arts style building designed by Hugh A. Thompson, Bends first resident architect. Ed Brosterhous was the general contractor who supervised the schools construction. It was built at the south end of a 3.17 acre parcel in downtown Bend. The site is bordered by Wall Street on the northwest, Louisiana Avenue on the northeast, Bond Street on the southeast, and the Bend Amateur Athletic Club property on the southwest. The main entrance faces Louisiana Avenue, with concrete walkways leading across the front lawn to the school’s main entrance. There are a number of large Ponderosa pine trees that shade the grounds. Play ground equipment for the children attending kindergarten in the building, give the area a park-like atmosphere.</p><br>
<p>The old high school is a two-story structure with a high basement. The building has a U-shaped footprint measuring 120 ft by 247 ft. The walls are brick, built over a foundation course of stone masonry above a concrete basement. The front facade is well balanced with high windows from end to end and a wide stairway leading to the main portico entrance on the first floor. The main entrance is dominated by three round-head archways supported by wide brick columns resting on a cut stone foundation. The main wall of the building behind the portico is embellished with sculptured cut-stone and Doric-style stone caps.</p><br>
<p>The building has four other entrances, one on the east and west sides and two on the building&#39;s south side. The east and west sides match the building’s front façade with brick parapet walls and two stories of high windows plus a row of smaller window along the foundation to allow light into the basement rooms. The back side of the building has much less stone work and very little architectural decoration. However, the high windows continue around the entire building.</p><br>
<p>Taylors Chapel is an historic chapel located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a Greek Revival style chapel located in a quarter acre fenced-in plot, which also includes a graveyard, within Mount Pleasant Park in northeast Baltimore. The structure is a small, mid-19th-century country church, built of stone, covered with stucco, painted white, and has a gable roof. The interior features frescoes on the walls and ceiling, attributed by tradition to the Italian-American painter Constantino Brumidi. The frescoes are trompe l’oeil paintings of classical architectural detailing, including pilasters, panels, coffering, and ornaments. It has remained completely unaltered since its construction in 1853. It was built as a Methodist chapel by the Taylor family on their Mt. Pleasant plantation. In 1925 the City of Baltimore purchased the land surrounding the chapel and burial grounds for use as a public golf course. The site of the chapel and burial grounds was left to a self-perpetuating board of trustees. Taylors Chapel is considered the mother church of St. John&#39;s United Methodist Church of Hamilton.</p><br>
<p>Taylor&#39;s Chapel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The John A. Green Estate  is a historic property in Stone City, Iowa, United States. The estate covers 200 acre of land. The buildings were constructed of Anamosa Limestone quarried from John Green&#39;s own local business. The estate was individually listed as a historic district on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1978. It was included as a contributing property in the Stone City Historic District in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On March 17, 1868, then a lonely spot in the wilderness, now the site of Stone City, Iowa, John A. Green opened the Champion quarries. For nearly fifty years, the quarries produced steadily, amounting to more than 4.5 billion dollars in sales. 1896 records indicate 1,000 men were employed among the quarries, carving 160,000 loads of stone in a single year with a market value of 3.75 million dollars. In his most productive years (1869-1890s), John Green operated three quarries (known as "Champion 1," "Champion 2," and "John Allen") using nearby Anamosa State Penitentiary labor.</p><br>
<p>In 1883 Green built a three-story hotel and opera house complex on his estate known as Columbia Hall. It was made of 500,000 tons of stone. The theater offered some of the most well known entertainers of the day. Columbia Hall was purchased in the 1930s and torn down in 1938 to use the stone elsewhere.</p><br>
<p>In 1920 200 acre of the Green Estate was purchased by Frank Nissen. During the summers of 1932 and 1933 the estate became the location of Stone City Art Colony. In 1932, Grant Wood, Edward Rowan, and Adrian Dornbush established the Colony. With little more than $100 and a number of promissory notes based on the success of the art colony they leased 10 acre of land on the estate. The parcel of leased land included the Green Mansion, the Ice House and Water Tower. The upstairs portion of the mansion was converted into a dormitory. The rest of the house was used for business offices, kitchen, a sculpture studio and showers for the men. The basement of the ice house was made into a bar called The Sickle and Sheaf where instructor/student Dennis Burlingame tended bar. The upper portion of the water tower was converted into an apartment where Adrian Dornbush lived, called Adrian&#39;s Tomb.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings and Structures</h2><br>
<p>Columbia Hall was a three-story hotel and opera house complex. It was completed in 1883 and made of 500,000 tons of stone. The theater offered some of the most well known entertainers of the day. Columbia Hall was purchased in the 1930s and torn down in 1938 to use the stone elsewhere. The foundation is all that remains.</p><br>
<p>The Green Mansion was built in 1882 on a hill overlooking the city. The mansion had twenty rooms, seven Italian marble fireplaces, hand-painted murals, two baths, and a conservatory. In the early 1930s the Green family sold the estate to Frank Nissen. The Green mansion became the summer home of poet Paul Engle, son-in-law of Frank Nissen. In 1963 the Green Mansion was damaged by fire and torn down in the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>The Stone Barn was built in 1889 by John A. Green. The barn is 12,000 ft&sup2; and stands 30 ft high. There are a series of six buttresses along the length of the barn, each 3 ft wide at the base. The barn was originally built to house draft horses for John Green&#39;s quarry business. The stables could hold up to 100 horses. The barn housed a blacksmith shop, a three story loft, and housing quarters for stable attendants. Locals of Stone City say that it took 80 men 80 days to build the stone barn. Today the barn is a private home and welcome refuge for visitors to Stone City.</p><br>
<p>The Water Tower was built on a high point of the Green Estate. The tower served as the water source for the estate, which included John Greens limestone quarry business. In the summer of 1932, during Stone City Art Colony, the water tower was used as an apartment for art instructor Adrian Dornbush. Students at the colony referred to the water tower as Adrians Tomb. In 2008 the water tower was purchased, remodeled, and made into a gift shop.</p><br>
<p>St. Alphonsus Church, Rectory, Convent and Halle, also known as St. John Neumann Shrine and "Baltimore&#39;s Powerhouse of Prayer," is an historic Roman Catholic church complex located within the Archdiocese of Baltimore in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Since 1992, the parish has held regular Tridentine Masses. It is currently administered by the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The church is based on the design of St. Stephen&#39;s Cathedral in Vienna and follows a basilica floorplan. The structure is constructed of red brick with limestone accents in the Gothic Revival style. The nave reaches a height of 50 ft and the ornate steeple rises 210 ft above the three-level bell tower. A 12 ft gold cross caps the steeple.</p><br>
<p>The Halle is a -story brick structure also in the Gothic Revival style opposite the church across Saratoga Street. It features a center entrance housed in projecting square bay topped by a gable. The adjacent three-story convent and the four-story rectory simple Georgian townhouses of brick. The complex was constructed between 1842 and 1845 and was the first major design by noted Baltimore architect Robert Cary Long Jr. From its founding until 1917, the parish was overseen by the Redemptorist Fathers whose members came to Baltimore to minister to the growing German immigrant community. John Neumann was one of the early pastors of St. Alphonsus prior to becoming Bishop of Philadelphia in 1852. He was canonized June 19, 1977. Neumann&#39;s assistant pastor, Francis Xavier Seelos, served as pastor after his departure and later worked in areas from Connecticut to Illinois and New Orleans. Seelos was beatified on April 9, 2000.</p><br>
<p>By 1917, many of the German immigrants who lived in the area moved elsewhere and St. Alphonsus became a parish for the Lithuanian immigrant community. The church hosts regular Tridentine Masses and masses in Lithuanian.</p><br>
<p>St. Alphonsus Church, Rectory, Convent and Halle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>Since 1992, the Tridentine Mass has been offered regularly at St. Alphonsus. Since 2017, the parish has been administered by the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter (FSSP), while remaining officially part of the Archdiocese of Baltimore.</p><br>
<p>St. Elizabeth of Hungary is a historic Roman Catholic church complex located within the Archdiocese of Baltimore in the Baltimore-Linwood neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The complex developed over the period 1895-1926, and consists of four buildings: a two-story, gable-fronted brick structure erected in 1895 as the original church, parish hall, and rectory; a large stone Romanesque church building constructed in 1912; a three-story convent built in 1922; and a large three-story parochial school which was added to the site in 1926. The complex occupies a city block directly opposite Patterson Park. In 1931, the St. Elizabeth School had the largest student enrollment, 1,500 students, in the archdiocese. The church was founded to serve the German immigrant community in Baltimore.</p><br>
<p>St. Elizabeth of Hungary was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>St. Leo&#39;s Church is a historic Roman Catholic church complex located within the Archdiocese of Baltimore at Baltimore, Maryland, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The church was built in 1880-81 of brick with stone trim, and combines Italianate, Romanesque, and Classical elements. It features a high entrance porch, a turret with conical roof on the north wall, a square bell tower at the northeast corner, a large rose window in the main façade, and a variety of decorative brickwork. It was the first church in Maryland, and among the first in the nation, founded and built specifically for Italian immigrants. The church was designed by Baltimore architect E. Francis Baldwin.</p><br>
<p>St. Leo&#39;s Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>St. Michael&#39;s Church Complex, also known as St. Michael the Archangel Roman Catholic Church, is a historic Roman Catholic church complex located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The church was founded to serve the German immigrant community in Baltimore. The church is a late 19th-century Romanesque Revival structure, 170 by 80 feet, with a steeple 180 feet high.</p><br>
<p>The complex consists of seven main buildings: the Church, Girls’ School, Rectory, Boys’ School, Convent, Brothers’ Residence, and the Parish Hall. It was the oldest continuously operating Redemptorist Catholic church in Baltimore possessing the largest extant, completely intact Redemptorist complex remaining in the city.</p><br>
<p>St. Michael&#39;s Church Complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>St. James the Less Roman Catholic Church, also known as St. James and St. John&#39;s Roman Catholic Church, is a historic Roman Catholic church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States and was one of the earliest neighborhood parishes established in the central city . It is a High Victorian Gothic influenced brick structure with Romanesque Revival overtones built 1865-67. It has a tall central tower and featured an ornate interior with marble sculpture and murals. The church is 184 feet long, 65 feet wide, and the ceiling is 51 feet from the floor. The steeple, at 256 feet, is the second tallest church tower in the city , which dominates Old East Baltimore. The cross surmounting the spire, is 10 feet tall. There is a peal of four bells in the tower, the largest weighing 5000 pounds, cast by McShane of Baltimore, in 1885. The tower clock was installed during the same year. The magnificent and priceless 25 foot-high Mayer windows were installed in 1891. The church is an early work of George A. Frederick , a prolific and prominent architect in Baltimore who designed various buildings in the city including the Baltimore City Hall in 1875. The interior features three large interior murals painted about 1886 by the German-born artist William Lamprecht and marble sculpture work by the Baltimore sculptor Joseph Martin Sudsburg. In 1966, the neighbouring parish of St. John the Evangelist was closed, and the new parish of St. James and St. John, was formed, the congregation worshipping at St. James. The parish was dissolved around 1986, and the former St. James Church was sold to an evangelical church. Most regrettably, the church has been stripped of its windows, altars, marble communion rail, pipe organ, and other artifacts, and the church has been whitewashed, destroying its beautiful and historic murals.</p><br>
<p>St. James the Less Roman Catholic Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>St. John the Evangelist Roman Catholic Church, now known as Sweet Prospect Baptist Church, is a historic Roman Catholic church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is an 1855-1856 Italianate-influenced masonry structure that is constructed of stuccoed brick walls resting on a rubble stone foundation. It was designed by Niernsee & Neilson. The exterior features twin square towers flanking the main façade and a semi-octagonal apse flanked by one-story pavilions on the back. It is the most intact remaining example of an Italianate public edifice in Baltimore. Under instructions from the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore, the final mass was held at the Church of St. John the Evangelist, on June 26, 1966, and the congregation merged with that of St. James the Less Roman Catholic Church, just two block away. The church then became the New Central Social Hall.</p><br>
<p>St. John the Evangelist Roman Catholic Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Maiden Castle is an Iron Age hill fort, one of many fortified hill-top settlements constructed across Britain during the Iron Age, but one of only seven in the county of Cheshire in northern England. The hill fort was probably occupied from its construction in 600 BC until the Roman conquest of Britain in the 1st century AD. At this time the Cornovii tribe are recorded to have occupied parts of the surrounding area but, because they left no distinctive pottery or metalworking, their occupation has not been verified. Since then it has been quarried and used for military exercises. It is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, and is owned by the National Trust. The hill fort is open to visitors, but unrestricted access to the site has resulted in it being classified as "at high risk" from erosion.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>Hill forts developed in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, roughly the start of the first millennium BC. The reason for their emergence in Britain, and their purpose, has been a subject of debate. It has been argued that they could have been military sites constructed in response to invasion from continental Europe, sites built by invaders, or a military reaction to social tensions caused by an increasing population and consequent pressure on agriculture. The dominant view since the 1960s has been that the increasing use of iron led to social changes in Britain. Deposits of iron ore were located in different places to the tin and copper ore necessary to make bronze, and as a result trading patterns shifted and the old elites lost their economic and social status. Power passed into the hands of a new group of people. Archaeologist Barry Cunliffe believes that population increase still played a role and has stated that</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Although there are over 1,300 hill forts in England, they are concentrated in the south of the country, with only seven in Cheshire. There are two groups of hill forts in Cheshire, each with three members, but Maiden Castle is the outlier, about 9 mi south-south-west of the southern-most group. Located at, Maiden Castle lies on the central ridge that runs north–south through the county, as do all of the hill forts in Cheshire.</p><br>
<p>Maiden Castle sits on a slight promontory which is the highest point of a plateau on Bickerton Hill, 694 ft. The ground to the west and north of the hill fort is steeply sloping, making artificial defences unnecessary and providing a commanding view of the Cheshire Plain. To the east of Maiden Castle, the plateau continues for about 1 mi and 0.5 mi wide, where ramparts were constructed in lieu of natural defences.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>Maiden Castle has no artificial defences on its northern and western sides because of the naturally steep slope of the hill, but there are two artificial banks, 35 ft apart. The banks are similar in dimension, both are 40 ft wide, and because the ground they are on slopes, the exterior side of each bank is higher than the side on the inside of the fort; they are 5 ft high on the inside of the fort and 7 ft on the exterior face. There may also be two other entrances to the site where the banks meet the cliffs to the north and south; the outer ditch runs inwards at both ends, possibly indicating an in-turned entrance abutting the edge of the cliff &ndash; similar to the entrance at the Helsby hill fort also in Cheshire &ndash; or perhaps an attempt to make the banks run flush to the cliff-edge to ensure there were no gaps in the site&#39;s defences.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Radiocarbon dating indicates that the ramparts defending Maiden Castle were built in around 600 BC. Built from earth and timber, the inner rampart was originally 20 ft wide, with a revetment of dry stone walling behind the bank, and at least 10 ft high. The outer bank was originally 25 ft wide and about 10 ft high. It was built from sand and had a dry stone facing at the front and no revetment behind. The outer bank was later enlarged: the outer face was extended 8 to 10 ft away from the fort and the revetment moved. Its height was probably increased to 12 ft. The defences cover about 1.66 acre out of the entire 3 acre of the Maiden Castle site. According to archaeologist James Forde-Johnston, who conducted a study of the hill forts of Lancashire and Cheshire in 1962, this was an unusually strong defence for such a small site. Few artefacts have been recovered from the site; they include a piece of Iron Age pottery. Maiden Castle was probably occupied until the Roman conquest of Britain in 1st century AD, and the outer bank may have been reconstructed around this time.</p><br>
<p>The name Maiden Castle is not unique to the site and occurs in several other places in Britain, such as Maiden Castle in Dorset, and probably means a "fortification that looks impregnable" or one that has never been taken in battle. Despite quarrying in the 17th century and 20th-century military exercises on the site, Maiden Castle survives well. Maiden Castle was excavated between 1932 and 1935 by W. J. Varley, who also undertook excavations at Eddisbury hill fort, as part of his investigation into the origin of Cheshires hill forts. Further excavations were undertaken in 1980&ndash;1981. The structure was made a Scheduled Ancient Monument in 1995, giving Maiden Castle protection against unauthorised change. The environment of the hill fort is a mixture of heathland, heather, and bracken. The site is owned by the National Trust and is open to the public. Unrestricted access has led to problems such as erosion. Maiden Castle has been damaged by animal burrows and is designated as "at high risk" due to erosion caused by visitors and the spread of bracken. Five of Cheshires seven hill forts have been assessed as being "at high risk" compared to 15% of North West England&#39;s Scheduled Monuments.</p><br>
<p>Weitsee is a small lake on between Reit im Winkl and Ruhpolding with an area of 63.60 ha and a maximum depth of 9.30 m. The lake itself is separated in a shallow western and a deeper eastern part by a mountain halfisland. It is the first lake in the Dreiseengebiet  followed by the Mittersee and Lödensee. The lakes are located in the valley between the Gurnwandkopf und Dürrnbachhorn next to the Deutsche Alpenstraße B305 . Only a few small tributary bring water to the lake most of the water comes from a 5 m deep spring which is located at the nearrowest part of the lake. All the watter from the outflow of the lake ends in seepage at the end of the Lödensee after it has gone through Mittersee. Geological research showed that the water find its way under the Hochgern mountain to the bog near Bergen, Upper Bavaria.</p><br>
<p>The lake with its beach, the clean water and the distance to the next village attracts many people in summer. The beach has also a nudist part which is located farest from the street. In the winter the cross-country ski run between Reit im Winkl and Ruhpolding crosses the lake.</p><br>
<p>Monte Cusna is the 2nd highest peak in the northern Apennines after Monte Cimone. But, it is much steeper and more remote.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The mountain is located along the Appennino Crest Trail (A00) between Cerreto and Lagastrello Passes, with an altitude of 2,120 m. It si also known as Uomo Morto (Italian: "Dead Man"), "Uomo che Dorme" ("Sleeping Man") or "Il Gigante" ("The Giant") for its appearance, resembling a lying man.</p><br>
<p>The peak is situated in the comune of Villa Minozzo, some 3 kilometers from the boundary of Emilia Romagna with Tuscany. It contains a population of Alpine marmots, as well as, herds of semi-wild horses that graze on its slopes.</p><br>
<h2>Territory and natural attractions</h2><br>
<p>The imposing mountain range, visible from the Po Valley, is formed by the Monte Cusna and secondary peaks of the Sasso of the Dead (2078 m) and Mount La Piella (2071 m). The mountain ridge forms the characteristic profile that resembles that of a man stretched out, said Dead Man or Giant. From the latter name is named after the protected area of the former Gigante Park, now part of the National Park of the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines. It lies to the north of the main ridge of the Apennines between Tuscany and Emilia, separated by the valley of the river Ozola.</p><br>
<p>Abetina Reale</p><br>
<p>Abetina Reale is a coniferous forest that grows on the eastern side of the Cusna, on the right side of the High Valley Dolo river, and extends to the Apennine ridge. The forest is characterized by ancient specimens of white spruce survived centuries of forest exploitation.</p><br>
<p>Prati di Sara (Sara meadows)</p><br>
<p>Surrounded by beech, Prati di Sara is a beautiful high moorland that stretches along the west side of the mountain, especially impressive during flowering and autumn. The name comes from a character from history and legend, a housekeeper, it is said of a concubine of the Marquis of Piolo Bernardi, who possessed Casalino from mid-seventeenth century.to the end of the eighteenth century.</p><br>
<p>Cascate del Lavacchiello</p><br>
<p>The Rio Lavacchiello born near Lago del Caricatore in the area of Prati di Sara and descends along the west side of the mountain to the valley of the river Ozola. The steep slope gives rise to a series of waterfalls, spectacular especially in spring during the melting of snow and autumn.</p><br>
<p>Costa Veline</p><br>
<p>On the south-west of the mountain is Costa Veline, a large forest of beech, the most important of the National Park of the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines, which preserves ancient trees.</p><br>
<h2>Hiking</h2><br>
<p>Mount Cusna is particularly interesting from the natural point of view and has many paths and refuges:</p><br>
<p>- Rifugio Cesare Battisti (1759 m). Refuge of the Club Alpino Italiano, is located in the south-west side of the mountain near of the Lama Lite. Reachable from Civago via the path 605 through Abetina Reale, from Pian Vallese (Febbio) via the path 607 of the Passone or via the path 629 Valley dell&#39;Ozola (Ligonchio).</p><br>
<p>- Rifugio Bargetana (1740 m), is located on the 633 trail near the lake at the foot of Monte Prado.</p><br>
<p>- Rifugio Segheria (1410 m). Place in the middle reach of the Abetina Reale, Civago with trail 605.</p><br>
<p>- Rifugio S. Leonardo (1240 m). Restored ancient hospital of the twelfth century. It is located on Dolo river, on the path between 605A Abetina Reale, Civago.</p><br>
<p>- Rifugio Monte Orsaro (1300 m). It is located in Monte Orsaro and can be reached by car. Starting point for hiking and Mount Cusna and mountains Prampa and CISA.</p><br>
<p>- Rifugio Peschiera Zamboni (1151 m). Place in Ronco Pianigi near Febbio can be reached by car. Starting point of the path 617 for Mount Cusna.</p><br>
<h2>Skiing</h2><br>
<p>On the north side of the mountain the resort of Febbio is equipped for alpine skiing, snowboarding and cross country skiing.</p><br>
<p>Dorguth Memorial United Methodist Church, formerly known as Otterbein Chapel Station, Scott Street United Brethren Church, Dorguth Memorial United Brethren Church, and Dorguth Memorial Evangelical United Brethren Church, is a historic United Methodist church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It was built in 1857 and is a simple, two-story gable-front brick church of the late Roman Revival style. It features a gabled roof with a pedimented brick cornice. Also on the property is the parish house added in 1868.&gt; The church was named for Mrs. Frederick Dorguth, who in 1936 left money for extensive renovations. Dorguth UMC closed its doors in 2001.</p><br>
<p>Dorguth Memorial United Methodist Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Holy Cross Roman Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church complex located within the Archdiocese of Baltimore in the Federal Hill neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The complex consists of a group of four brick buildings: an 1860 Gothic Revival church (remodeled in 1885 and 1907), an 1871 Italianate rectory-convent, a 1903 Romanesque Revival school, and a 1928 Tudor Revival rectory. The church has a cruciform plan and features a 200-foot steeple composed of a 125-foot tower and a 75-foot copper-clad spire. A shallow choir loft contains the 1886 organ with its stenciled pipes. The Archdiocese listed the church as a German parish until 1959.</p><br>
<p>Holy Cross Roman Catholic Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Leadenhall Street Baptist Church is a historic Baptist church located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a gable-front rectangular brick temple with simple Renaissance Revival detail. The original exterior wall surfaces have been covered with formstone on the main façade and stucco elsewhere. It features round-arched stained glass windows on each side bay. It was built in 1873, by Joseph Thomas & Son for the city&#39;s African American Baptists who were then centered in the old southwest area from the downtown business district of Baltimore in the "Sharp-Leadenhall"  community in the old "South Baltimore" area. Nearby is its now famed revitalized "Inner Harbor" area of the old "Basin" for the harbor port.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood is just west of the Federal Hill community and commercial district connected by West Hamburg Street, which is along South Charles and Light Streets, and the famous hill itself, which was the site of a celebratory picnic in 1788 after a parade of the various guilds, organizations and military units of old "Baltimore Town" to commemorate the ratification by Maryland of the new Federal Constitution, and later fortified with earthen embankments and large cannons of artillery by Northern troops of the Union Army a month after, during the Civil War to keep a close watch on and control on the Southern-sympathizing citizens of the City who had erupted in April 1861, in a riot attacking passing Massachusetts and Pennsylvania troops from the President Street Station on the east side from Philadelphia and the North, on their way to the nearby (a few blocks away with the Washington tracks running right by the Church) Camden Street Station of the famous Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to defend the National Capital of Washington from the newly seceded Virginians and Confederates.</p><br>
<p>The "Sharp-Leadenhall" neighborhood just west of the Harbor was one of the first neighborhoods to become predominantly African American residents among the Citys largest free-Black population in America, in the late 19th Century. Prior to this era of beginning housing segregation, most of Baltimores "free citizens of color" lived amidst the white population in the small compact town, residing on the smaller streets and alleyways in between larger avenues and main streets, seeking employment in the homes and businesses of the majority white population. Often poorer residents, lived right in back or around the corner from substantial mansions and townhouses of the wealthy and well-to-do. In later years, additional populations of free blacks began moving to the northwest just beyond the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood and beyond Seton Hill, along the future Pennsylvania Avenue and Druid Hill Avenue of what became known as Upton.</p><br>
<p>The building was built and financed by the predominantly "colored" Maryland Baptist Union Association, (as opposed to the organization of the Baptist Convention of Maryland) who had generally separated from the white Baptists after often worshipping together in the small building during the colonial days of the late 18th Century (although most of the time in upper balconies or separate pews/chairs in the sanctuary), into the early 19th Century of the American Republic. It is the second oldest Black church edifice in Baltimore, and home to one of the city&#39;s largest African American congregations.</p><br>
<p>Another prominent congregation in the area that was an important force in the City&#39;s burgeoning African-American community was the nearby Sharp Street Methodist Church which later followed its members in later decades also to the northwest neighborhoods, where after a series of National Methodist church mergers is now still called Sharp Street United Methodist Church, although it left that location long ago, unlike the Leadenhall Church.</p><br>
<p>Leadenhall Street Baptist Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. which is maintained by the National Park Service of the United States Department of the Interior, according to the Historic Sites Act of August 1935. With the designation of much of downtown Baltimore and its immediate inner eastern, western and northern residential historic neighborhoods as the Baltimore City National Heritage Area has been established. Under the same NPS and USDI influence and direction, with local supervision from city and state historical professionals, a series of new additional huge plaques have been mounted on streetside poles with illustrations, maps and text of the various historic sites, buildings, monuments and various tours of the heritage areas in the immediate block of that particular sign. On the other side is similar material for the BCNHA in general, and exhibits/tours available to be led and run out of the Visitors Center pavilion, along the western shore of the "Inner Harbor", with the additional printed brochures containing maps, pictures and text plus the material available on an internet website. Prominent display is given to the African-American heritage in the southwest "Sharp-Leadenhall" and northwest "Upton/Druid Hill" areas by the Pennsylvania Avenue commercial and entertainment/social district. It points out the Leadenhall Church site and many other black churches and institutions with the homes and locations of significant people.</p><br>
<p>Shaarei Tfiloh Synagogue is a historic synagogue located on Druid Hill Park at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The synagogue is significant due to its association with the immigration of Russian and Eastern European Jews to Baltimore. It is a rock-faced stone structure with large arched stained glass windows and a pedimented roofline surmounted by a central copper-clad dome. Its name means Gates of Prayer in Hebrew.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The synagogue was designed by architect Stanislaus Russell The cornerstone of the Shaarei Tfiloh Synagogue was laid on July 10, 1921. The synagogue has a turquoise dome, stained glass windows, and a sanctuary with a balcony for women&#39;s seating.</p><br>
<p>At the time the synagogue was built, the surrounding "Park Circle" area was a thriving Jewish community. However, the Jewish community moved away from the neighborhood during the 1960s, primarily to Upper Park Heights, Randallstown, Pikesville, and Owings Mills. Eventually the synagogue ceased regular Sabbath (Saturday) services and only conducted services on the Jewish High Holy Days.</p><br>
<h2>Religious services</h2><br>
<p>Beginning in the mid-2000s, the synagogue started conducting one "weekday" service a week, on Sunday mornings, in an effort to re-invigorate it, although Sabbath services are still not conducted. The synagogue is also occasionally used for special events (such as weddings) and as a location for "period" photography.</p><br>
<p>As has been the case since its founding, the synagogue conforms to Orthodox teachings and practices, but welcomes all as worshipers and members, regardless of personal affiliation.</p><br>
<h2>Cemetery</h2><br>
<p>The Shaarei Tfiloh Congregation Cemetery is located on 5800 Windsor Mill Road.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>Shaarei Tfiloh Synagogue was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. It appeared in the 1999 movie Liberty Heights. Howard Perlow and David Cordish are co-presidents and David E. Herman is the rabbi.</p><br>
<p>Engine House No. 8 was a historic fire station located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It was a two-story masonry building with a cast-iron street front, erected in 1871 in the Italianate style. The front featured a simple cornice with a central iron element bearing the legend "No. 8". Engine Company No. 8 operated from this building until 1912. In 1928 it became the motorcycle shop of Louis M. Helm and the upper story functioned as a clubhouse for a series of boys’ clubs into the 1940s.</p><br>
<p>Engine House No. 8 was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. About 2002, the property was sold and the building was torn down. However, the cast-iron facade was saved, and the first floor cast-iron components were installed at the Fire Museum of Maryland, where the fire house has been put back together.</p><br>
<p>Horseshoe Bay is a small bay on the south east coast of the Isle of Wight, England. It lies at the east end of the headland of Culver Down. It faces south east towards the English Channel and its shoreline is approximately 100m in length. It should not be confused with a similarly named bay about 15 km southwest at Bonchurch.</p><br>
<p>The seabed is rocky and the beach comprises a steep bank of flint pebbles. The beach can only be reached at high tide by boat. The cliffs are sheer, concave and are made of chalk, which is unstable and persons on the beach are at risk of being injured by falling rocks dislodged by the many seabirds that use the cliff. Some form of head protection is advisable if venturing close to the base of this cliff. Horseshoe Bay lies NNE and adjacent to, two caves known as The Nostrils. These can be reached by scrambling over a small rocky outcrop and are partly submerged at high tide.</p><br>
<p>The bay can be accessed by walking round the headland from Whitecliff Bay at beach level and at low tide. This should only be attempted on a falling (ebb) tide. At certain time of the year, on very low tides, it is possible to reach Horseshoe Bay from Sandown Bay. This entails some scrambling and a short traverse even at extreme low tide across the submerged base of the cliff between an old collapsed cave and the nostrils. The and the lifeboat are sometimes called to rescue people trapped by a rising tide, or unable to cope with the terrain. Extreme care should be taken and always tell someone where you are going before you set off.</p><br>
<p>Priory Bay is a small privately owned bay on the north east coast of the Isle of Wight, England. It lies to the east of the village of Nettlestone. It faces east towards Selsey Bill and its shoreline is 600m in length. It stretches from Horestone Point in the north to Nodes Point in the south.</p><br>
<p>The northern part of the bay has a straight coastline and is sandy with some pebbles. At the southern end the bay curves round to the east. Here the coast is rocky with evidence of walls and buttresses that were built to protect the coastline. These have largely been breached and lie scattered along the shore.</p><br>
<p>The bay is surrounded by woodland known as Priory Woods owned by the National Trust.</p><br>
<p>The sea bottom is predominantly sandy. A shallow sand bank called Gull Bank exists just offshore which keeps a long thin pool of water next to the beach at low tide. Beyond the bank the bottom is gently shelving.</p><br>
<p>The bay can be accessed by walking round Horestone Point from Seagrove Bay</p><br>
